黄山市10种散生竹维管束形态特征比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Vascular Bundle Morphological Characteristics of 10 Bamboo Species Scattering in Huangshan City

为深入研究我国主要散生竹类植物构造特征,为散生竹种质资源基础数据收集和合理种植与应用提供理论基础,以黄山市10种散生竹种为研究对象,对维管束的径向直径、弦向直径、分布密度进行研究。结果表明:10种竹材中,从竹青-竹中-竹黄,维管束径向直径大多数符合逐渐变大的变化趋势,弦向直径绝大多数符合逐渐变小的变化趋势,而维管束分布密度均符合逐渐减小的变化趋势。维管束径向直径中,长叶苦竹最大,为434.991μm;筇竹最小,仅为216.426μm。维管束弦向直径中,四季竹最大,为396.240μm;筇竹最小,仅有205.102μm。维管束分布密度中,筇竹最大,为6.63个/mm^(2);粉酸竹最小,仅为2.47个/mm^(2)。从力学角度综合分析可得出:10种散生竹种中,四季竹、长叶苦竹、粉酸竹为优良竹种,摆竹、筇竹和桂竹为较差竹种,短穗竹、近实心茶竿竹、小叶唐竹、巴山木竹居中。

In order to have a deep understanding of the structural characteristics of the main scattered bamboo species in China and provide a theoretical basis for collection of basic data on the scattered bamboo germplasm resources and reasonable planting and application,10 scattered bamboo species in Huangshan City were used as the objects and a study was made on the radial diameter,tangential diameter and distribution density of vascular bundles of these specie.The results showed that among the 10 bamboo species,from the bamboo outer green skin to the middle layer to the inner yellow wall,the radial diameter of the vascular bundle mostly follows a gradually increasing trend,while the tangential diameter mostly follows a gradually decreasing trend,and the distribution density of the vascular bundle all follows a gradually decreasing trend.Pleioblastus chino var.hisauchii has the largest vascular bundle radial diameter of 434.991μm,while that ofQiongzhurea tumidinoda is the smallest of only 216.426μm;Oligostachyum lubricum has the largest vascular bundle tangential diameter of 396.240μm,whileQiongzhurea tumidinoda has the smallest diameter of only 205.102μm;Qiongzhurea tumidinoda has the largest vascular bundle distribution density of 6.63 pieces/mm^(2),whileAcidosasa chienouensis has the smallest of only 2.47 pieces/mm^(2).From a comprehensive mechanical analysis,it could be concluded that among the 10 species in Huangshan City,Oligostachyum lubricum,Pleioblastus chino var.hisauchii andAcidosasa chienouensis are fine bamboo wood species,whileIndosasa shibateoides,Qiongzhurea tumidinoda andPhyllostachys bambusoides are poor bamboo wood species.Brachystachyum densiflorum,Pseudosasa subsolida,Sinobambusa parvofolia andBashania fargesii are the middle-quality bamboo wood species.