高分三号卫星影像在地表变化检测中的应用试验

Application Test of GF-3 Satellite Image in Land Surface Change Detection

合成孔径雷达(SAR)影像受相干斑噪声、成像几何畸变和背景信息复杂等因素影响,在地表变化检测领域尚未得到广泛应用。文章研究总结了目前常用的基于SAR影像的变化检测方法及技术流程,构建“高分三号”(GF-3)卫星SAR影像差分干涉测量和极化数据变化检测技术方法与流程,并选择内蒙古新井露天煤矿区域进行试验,成功验证了GF-3影像应用于地表变化检测的技术可行性和结果可靠性。主要结论如下:1)基于GF-3卫星影像差分干涉测量成功获取新井煤矿范围形变图,形变较大区域与光学影像解译结果基本吻合,证明GF-3卫星具有差分干涉测量能力;2)基于GF-3影像变化检测提取的新井煤矿事故发生位置准确,提取变化区域面积为0.128 km^(2),与公开发布的监测结果(0.1 km^(2))基本一致,证明GF-3影像可应用于地表变化检测。

Synthetic aperture radar(SAR)image is not widely used in the field of change detection due to coherent spot noise,imaging geometric distortion,and the complexity of background information.This paper summarizes the current commonly used SAR image-based change detection methods and technical processes,builds Gaofen-3 SAR image difference interferometry and polarization data change detection technology methods and processes,and chooses the new well open coal mine area in Inner Mongolia,successfully verifying the technology feasibility and reliability of the application of GF-3 images to change detection.The main conclusions are as follows:1)the deformation map of new coal mine is successfully obtained based on GF-3 satellite differential image differential interferometry,and the large deformation area basically coincides with the optical image interpretation results,proving that GF-3 satellite has differential interferometric capability;2)the new coal mine accident location based on GF-3 image change detection is accurate,and the extracted change area is 0.128 km^(2),which is basically consistent with the publicly released monitoring results(0.1 km^(2)),proving that GF-3 image can be applied to surface change detection.