气动升力协同列车升力翼优化设计研究

Study on the Optimization Design of Lift Wing for High-speed Trains

气动升力协同列车是一种新型高速列车的概念模型,旨在提高运行速度的同时兼顾列车整体耗能与寿命周期成本。其通过加装升力翼,提高列车的气动升力,从而减少列车轮毂磨损。为设计出适合现有高铁限界约束的升力翼,本文采用Hicks-Henne翼型参数化方法和遗传算法,建立了考虑列车外型与高铁限界约束的气动优化方法,并利用此方法开展了翼型优化设计,以优化翼型为基础设计了加装翼梢小翼的三维升力翼模型。研究表明:采用本文优化设计方法得到的优化翼型,相比基础翼型,升力系数提升13%,阻力系数几乎不变。加装翼梢小翼可以有效的减小升力翼的气动阻力,通过对比不同外倾角和后掠角的小翼气动特性,设计出了一种外倾角为15°、后掠角为30°的较优升力翼模型,其最大升力系数可达到1.8247。

High-speed-train(HSTW)is a model of new type high-speed train designed to increase operating speed while considering overall energy consumption and life cycle costs.It enhances the train's aerodynamic lift by adding lift wings,thereby reducing wear on the train wheel hubs.To design a lifting wing that adheres to existing high-speed railway constraints,this paper utilizes the Hicks-Henne wing parameterization method and genetic algorithm.It establishes an aerodynamic optimization method considering train shape and high-speed railway limit constraints,conducting wing optimization design using this method.A threedimensional lifting wing model is designed,incorporating winglets based on the optimized wing model.The study reveals that the optimized airfoil obtained by this method increases the lift coefficient by 13%compared to the basic airfoil,with the drag coefficient remaining almost unchanged.The addition of winglets effectively reduces the aerodynamic drag of the lifting wing.Through a comparison of aerodynamic characteristics,an optimal lifting wing model with a camber angle of 15°and sweep angle of 30°is designed,achieving a maximum lift coefficient of 1.8247.