高校博物馆建设的“美国经验”及启示

The American Experiencein College Museum Construction and Its Inspiration

重视博物馆建设是美国大学的传统共识。历经300余年的发展,美国高校博物馆形成了数量众多、建筑风格独特、艺术博物馆发达、藏品丰富等特色,并善于利用自身的特色优势来支撑专业教学、助力通识教育、服务社会教育,从而实现和放大其教育功能。其成功经验给我国高校博物馆建设的启示是:走差异化发展之路,提升育人吸引力;秉持“真实”属性,构建协同发展机制;创新展览阐释模式,提高人才培养的介入度;主动参与社会教育,扩大育人覆盖面,营造独特教育场景。

There is a general consensus among American colleges on giving special importance to the construction of museums.After more than 300 years of development,numerous American college museums have formed features including unique architectural style,well-developed art museum,rich collections and so on.Meanwhile,American college museums has made good use of their own special strengths to support professional and general education,serving social education,gradually realizing and enlarging educational function.Chinese college museums should learn the successful experience of American college museums,strengthening differentiated development strategy,upholding the attribute of authenticity and strictly controlling the quality of collection,innovating exhibition and interpretation mode,enhancing the participation of talent development,promoting the openness of college museums and initiating social education programs.