南宁地区人群中医偏颇体质类型分布特点研究

Research and analysis on the correlation between biased constitution types of traditional Chinese medicine and cardiovascular risk factors

目的研究南宁地区人群中医偏颇体质类型(单一及兼夹组合体质)分布的特点。方法选取2019~2023年在我院的体检人群2633例进行体质分类,通过偏颇体质的单一类型、2种和3种兼夹组合体质与平和质体质比较,在性别、年龄、职业、血压、血脂、疾病发病率等方面进行横断面回顾性研究,分析南宁地区人群偏颇体质类型分布规律。结果平和质体质139例(5.28%),偏颇体质2494例(94.72%)。在偏颇体质中,单一类型体质中血瘀质最高(4.02%),2种兼夹组合体质中痰湿质-血瘀质最高(10.33%)、3种兼夹组合体质中湿热质-阴虚质-痰湿质最高(13.74%)。在性别分布上,男性的湿热质-阴虚质-痰湿质、痰湿质、阴虚质均显著高于女性(P<0.05),女性的血瘀质-阳虚质、痰湿质-阳虚质、痰湿质-血瘀质、阳虚质-阴虚质-湿热质、阳虚质-阴虚质-血瘀质均显著高于男性(P<0.05)。各偏颇体质类型与平和质体质比较,在青年组、中老年组以及不同职业人群中的分布,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);在高血压病的发病率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在血脂异常的发病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。交互性方差分析显示,各偏颇体质类型的总胆固醇、甘油三酯和体重指数(BMI)之间呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论在南宁地区人群中,中医偏颇体质占比高于平和质,其分布与年龄、性别、职业、血压、血脂、疾病发病率有着密切关系。

Objective To study the distribution characteristics of biased constitution types(single and combined types)among health examinees in Nanning area based on traditional Chinese medicine.Methods A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 2633 individuals who underwent physical examinations at our hospital from 2019 to 2023.The study involved classification of constitution types and compared the distribution of single type,combination of two types,and combination of three types of biased constitution with the balanced constitution type.The analysis focused on gender,age,occupation,blood pressure,blood lipids,and disease incidence rates to explore the distribution patterns of biased constitution types among the population in the Nanning area.Results There were 139 cases(5.28%)of the balanced constitution and 2494 cases(94.72%)of the biased constitution.Among the skewed body types,the single type of blood stasis was the highest(4.02%),the 2 types of phlegm-dampness constitution and blood stasis constitution was the highest(10.33%),and the 3 types of combination of dampness-heat constitution,yin-deficiency constitution,and phlegm-dampness constitution was the highest(13.74%).In terms of gender distribution,dampness-heat constitution-yin-deficiency constitution-phlegm-dampness constitution,phlegm-dampness,and yin-deficiency were significantly higher in males than in females(P<0.05),while the blood stasis constitution-yang-deficiency constitution,phlegm-dampness constitution-blood stasis constitution,phlegm-dampness constitution-yang-deficiency constitution,yang-deficiency constitution-yin-deficiency constitution-blood stasis constitution,and yang-deficiency constitution-yin-deficiency constitution-dampness-heat constitution types were significantly higher in females than in males(P<0.05).Each type of biased constitution,compared with the balanced constitution type,showed statistically significant differences in distribution among the youth group,middle-aged and older adult groups,and different occupational populations(all P<0.05).In terms of the incidence rate of hypertension,there was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).However,regarding the incidence rate of dyslipidemia,there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Interactive variance analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the total cholesterol,triglycerides,and body mass index(BMI)among the various biased constitution types(P<0.05).Conclusion In the population of Nanning area,the proportion of biased constitutions in traditional Chinese medicine is higher than that of balanced constitutions,and its distribution is closely related to age,gender,occupation,blood pressure,blood lipids,and disease incidence.