不同类型湿地土壤周丛生物细菌群落结构特征及影响因素

Structural characteristics and influencing factors of bacterial communities in periphyton of different kinds of wetlands

为探明不同类型湿地土壤周丛生物细菌群落结构差异及主要影响因素,在上海青西地区的稻田、农用池塘、水上森林和湖泊4种湿地开展了原位培养实验,测定不同湿地土壤理化指标和周丛生物生物量,并通过高通量测序表征了周丛生物细菌群落结构特征.结果表明:周丛生物生物量表现为水上森林>农用池塘>湖泊>稻田,细菌群落多样性则表现为稻田>水上森林和农用池塘>湖泊,且水上森林和湖泊土壤细菌群落组成较为相似.各湿地土壤周丛生物的优势菌为伯克氏菌、假单胞菌、嗜氢菌、黄杆菌等.土壤中较高的碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)含量能增加周丛生物细菌群落多样性,而较高的N和P含量则能提高周丛生物细菌群落均匀度.土壤pH值和碱性速效磷(AP)是造成不同湿地土壤周丛生物细菌群落结构差异的主要驱动因素.研究结果可为掌握长三角地区湿地土壤周丛生物细菌群落多样性的空间差异和主要驱动因素提供基础数据.

In order to explore the structural differences and the main influencing factors of bacterial communities in periphyton of different types of wetland soils,in situ culture experiments were carried out in four kinds of wetlands in Qingxi Zone,Shanghai,including paddy fields,agricultural ponds,aquatic forests,and lakes.The physical and chemical indicators of different wetland soils and the biomass of the periphyton were measured,and the characteristics of bacterial community structure of periphyton were characterized by high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that the biomass of periphyton was in the order of aquatic forests>agricultural ponds>lakes>paddy fields and the bacterial community diversity was in the order of paddy fields>aquatic forests and agricultural ponds>lakes,and the bacterial community composition of aquatic forests and lakes was similar.The dominant bacteria of periphyton in the wetland soil were Burkholderia,Pseudomonas,Hydrogenophilus,and Flavobacterium.The higher content of carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in the soil can increase the diversity of the bacterial community,while the higher content of N and P can improve the uniformity of the bacterial community.Alkaline effective phosphorus(AP)and pH in soil were the main driving factors for the differences in the bacterial community structure of periphyton in different wetlands.The results can provide basic data for mastering the spatial differences and main driving factors of bacterial community diversity of periphyton in wetland soil in Yangtze River Delta region.