俄罗斯古代文人文学的抗暴叙事

The Narration of Opposing Tyranny in Ancient Russian Literati Literature

在俄罗斯古代文人文学中即形成了反抗暴政的叙事基调,这种基调主要受到东正教文化中圣愚文化和民间文学狂欢化精神的影响。其表现形式一是对世俗权力的反抗,二是对教会威权的否定。前者的代表性文本是库尔勃斯基给伊凡四世的书信,后者的代表性文本是阿瓦库姆的《行传》。这些文本从价值立场和诗学形态上都为19世纪俄罗斯经典文学提供了宝贵的叙事资源。

The ancient Russian literati literature has shaped its own narrative keynote in opposing tyranny,which is much influenced by the holy foolishness of the Orthodox culture and the folk literature carnivalization.Such literature,on the one hand,opposes the secular power;on the other hand,it opposes the sacred power as well.The former is represented by Andrey Kurbsky’s correspondence with Ivan IV,and the latter by Avvakum Petrovich’s Life of Archpriest Avvakum.The texts are proved to provide valuable narrative resources in both value stance and poetics for a better understanding of classic Russian literature of the 19th century.