添加脲酶/硝化抑制剂对棉花养分吸收和产量的影响

Effects of urease/nitrification inhibitors on nutrient absorption and yield of cotton

【目的】研究添加脲酶抑制剂N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺(NBPT)和硝化抑制剂3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)对棉花养分吸收和产量的影响。【方法】采取大田试验,供试棉花品种为新陆早64号和鲁棉研24号,共设置4个处理:不施氮肥(N_(0))、施氮肥(N_(300))、氮肥+脲酶抑制剂(N_(300)+NBPT)、氮肥+硝化抑制剂(N_(300)+DMPP)。【结果】与N_(0)相比,所有施氮处理均显著增加棉花生物量,促进棉花植株对养分氮、磷和钾的吸收。氮肥利用率从高到低顺序为N_(300)+DMPP>N_(300)+NBPT>N_(300)。施加氮肥和脲酶/硝化抑制剂均能显著提高棉花产量。鲁棉研24号养分吸收、氮肥利用率以及产量均优于新陆早64号,但生物量却显著低于新陆早64号。【结论】添加脲酶抑制剂和硝化抑制剂可以促进棉花植株对养分的吸收利用,并提高氮肥利用率和棉花产量。

【Objective】To investigate the effects of urease inhibitor N-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine(NBPT)and nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP)on nutrient uptake and yield in cotton.【Methods】Using field experiments,the tested crops were cotton Xinluzao 64 and Lumianyan 24.Four treatments were set up:no nitrogen fertilizer(N_(0)),nitrogen fertilizer(N_(300)),nitrogen fertilizer+urease inhibitor(N_(300)+NBPT),and nitrogen fertilizer+nitrification inhibitor(N_(300)+DMPP).【Results】The results showed that compared to N_(0),all nitrogen application treatments significantly increased cotton biomass and promoted the absorption of nutrient nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium by cotton plants.The order of nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency from high to low is N_(300)+DMPP>N_(300)+NBPT>N_(300).Applying nitrogen fertilizer and urease/nitrification inhibitors can significantly increase cotton yield.The Lumianyan 24 had better nutrient absorption,nitrogen utilization efficiency,and higher yield than Xinluzao 64,but its biomass was significantly lower than that of Xinluzao 64.【Conclusion】Adding urease and nitrification inhibitors can promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by cotton plants,improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency,and ultimately effectively increase cotton yield.