“国优计划”实施中的组织跨界行动及其优化策略--基于活动理论的视角

Organizational Boundary Crossing Actions and Optimization Strategies in the Implementation of the“National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Program”:From the Perspective of Activity Theory

2023年7月,我国出台《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》,要求实施“国家优秀中小学教师培养计划”(简称“国优计划”)。“国优计划”在建设教育强国的背景下应运而生,旨在发挥参与实施“国优计划”的高校在师资、生源等多方面的优势,培养研究生层次高素质中小学教师。从计划实施的情况来看,如何协调高校内部不同院系和学科的力量,推动不同组织开展跨界联合培养“国优计划”研究生,是其中一个重要议题。本研究基于活动理论的视角,建立“国优计划”研究生跨界培养系统模型,分析该计划的实施及其交互活动系统的复杂结构与动态发展,探寻“国优计划”实施中的组织跨界行动优化策略。不同院系跨界开展“国优计划”研究生联合培养项目的关键在于:一是要从活动理论的逻辑起点出发,以培养“学科教学素养”这一潜在的共享目标为切入点,促进不同主体对跨界联合培养高素质中小学教师达成一致认识;二是要建设联合培养项目的配套制度,促进中介工具融合和创新、抓好规则与分工的落实;三是要在共同体稳定与拓展上持续发力,既要在已有共同体内建立更多通路以加深共同体的稳定联系,又要根据不断变化的现实需要灵活拓展共同体边界。

In July 2023,China issued the Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Implementing the National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Plan,which requires the implementation of the“National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Plan”(hereinafter referred to as the“National Excellent Plan”).The National Excellent Primary and Secondary School Teacher Training Program has been put forward in the context of building a country strong in education.The universities are expected to participate in the implementation of the plan to leverage their advantages in teaching staff,student resources,and other aspects to cultivate a group of high-quality primary and secondary school teachers.In the implementation of the plan,an important question is how to coordinate the forces of different colleges and disciplines within universities and maximize the learning motivation of“national excellent students”.From the perspective of activity theory,this article establishes a model of the interactive activity system for the“National Excellent Plan”training project,analyzes the complex structure and dynamic development of the implementation of the plan and the interactive activity system,and deeply explores the implementation strategies and organizational cross-border behavior of the“National Excellent Plan”.There might be the following strategies for different universities to carry out cross-border joint training projects.The first is to start from the academic logic of activity theory,with the potential shared goal of cultivating disciplinary and teaching literacy as the entry point,to achieve a consistent understanding of different subjects on cross-border cooperation in cultivating high-level teachers.The second is to establish a supporting system for joint training projects,promote the integration and innovation of intermediary tools,and ensure the implementation of rules and division of labor.The third is to continue to make efforts in the stability and expansion of the community.It is necessary to establish more channels within the existing community,deepen the stable connections of the community,and flexibly expand the boundaries of the community according to the constantly changing reality.