原矛头蝮在大别山地区的发现及其谱系地理学起源研究

Discovery of Protobothrops mucrosquamatus in Dabie Mountains and study on its origin of Phylogeography

原矛头蝮(Protobothrops mucrosquamatus)(Cantor,1839)在国内分布广泛,常见于2200m以下的平原、丘陵及山区.在2019年至2021年对大别山区的科学考察中,先后收集到蝰科(Viperidae)蝮亚科(Crotalinae)原矛头蝮属(Protobothrops)2组照片以及3号同属蛇类标本,经形态学和分子系统学鉴定确定为原矛头蝮.大别山地区动植物物种丰富度极高,但该地区此前未曾记录到原矛头蝮.此前的研究发现原矛头蝮群体主要分为5个地理谱系(“越南—缅甸”支系,“华南—越南北部”支系,“中国西南”支系,“中国台湾”支系和“海南”支系),经分子系统学分析,笔者在大别山地区发现的原矛头蝮种群应归为其中的“华南—越南北部”支系.这是原矛头蝮首次在长江下游江北地区发现,提高了大别山地区物种丰富度.

Protobothrops Mucrosquamatus(Cantor,1839)is widely distributed in China and is common in plains,hills and mountainous areas below 2200 m.During the scientific investigation in the Dabie Mountains from 2019 to 2021,two groups of photos of Protobothrops of Viperidae of Crotalinae and three snake specimens of the same genus were collected successively,which were identified as P.mucrosquamatus by morphological and molecular phylogenetic identification.Previous studies have found that the P.mucrosquamatus population was mainly divided into five geographical pedigrees(Vietnam&Myanmar,Southern China&Vietnam,Southwestern China,Taiwan China and Hainan).According to the analysis of molecular systematics,the P.mucrosquamatus population found in the Dabie Mountains should be classified into the South China&.Vietnam branch.This is the first time that P.mucrosquamatus was found in north area of lower reaches of the Yangtze River,which improves the species richness in the Dabie Mountains.