小麦精量播种机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Wheat Precision Seeder

设计一种播深稳定、镇压质量高且具有堵塞疏通清理机构的小麦精量播种机。利用平行四边机构和镇压轮的限深作用,播种单体能够实现随地表高低仿形而保持播种深度不变。堵塞疏通清理机构采用曲柄导杆机构,把曲柄的旋转运动转化为导杆的往复直线运动,通过导杆在排种管内上下运动,从而把堵塞物推出落种口。田间试验表明,该机简化了播种机的结构和操作方式,能够实时监测作业状态,确保播种作业质量。试验结果以期为后续小麦精量播种机设计优化提供参考。

A wheat precision seeder with stable sowing depth,high suppression quality and blockage dredging and cleaning mechanism was designed.By using the depth limiting effect of the parallelogram mechanism and the pressure wheel,the seeding monomer can keep the seeding depth unchanged with the profiling of the surface height.The blockage dredging and cleaning mechanism adopts the crank guide rod mechanism,which converts the rotary motion of the crank into the reciprocating linear motion of the guide rod,and moves up and down in the seed pipe through the guide rod,so as to push the blockage out of the seed mouth.Field tests show that the machine simplifies the structure and operation of the seeder,and can monitor the operation status in real time to ensure the quality of the seeding operation.The test results are expected to provide a reference for the design and optimization of wheat precision seeder in the future.