中国古代北方民族丧葬仪式、特点及影响

The Funeral Rites,Characteristics,and Influence of Northern Ethnic Groups in Ancient China

葬礼作为人生的最后一项礼仪,是生者举行的哀悼和纪念死者的仪式。作为一种文化习俗,北方少数民族的丧葬仪式意蕴丰富,形态多样,并随着社会发展而不断演变。古代北方少数民族的丧葬仪式,呈现出共有性、宗教色彩浓厚、“游牧”特征、丧葬形式多样性等四个特点。北方民族丧葬仪式的变化,既有北方少数民族之间相互影响的因素,又有汉族对北方少数民族影响的因素。北方少数民族丧葬仪式的鲜明特征、汉化的发展趋势,体现了民族交往交流交融的多元化形态,是观察历史上民族交往交流交融的重要窗口。

Funeral,as the last etiquette in life,is a ceremony held by the living to mourn and commemorate the deceased.As a cultural custom,the funeral rituals of ethnic minorities in the north are rich in meaning,diverse in form,and constantly evolving with social development.The funeral ceremonies of ethnic minorities in ancient northern China exhibited four characteristics:Commonality,strong religious color,nomadic characteristics,and diverse funeral forms.The changes in funeral ceremonies of northern ethnic groups are influenced by both the mutual influence between ethnic minorities in the north and the influence of Han ethnicity on ethnic minorities in the north.The distinctive characteristics of funeral ceremonies for ethnic minorities in the north and the trend of sinicization reflect the diverse forms of ethnic communication and integration,and are important windows for observing historical ethnic communication and integration.