司法保障视域下实现“双碳”目标的司法与行政协同机制

On Judicial and Administrative Coordination Mechanism for the Dual Carbon Goals

“双碳”目标已被纳入我国生态文明建设整体布局之中。为如期实现“双碳”目标,必须要有法治化的保障,需要立法、行政、司法等多途径的共同推进与协同发力。当前,我国气候变化应对、碳排放控制相关立法尚不健全且进展缓慢,仍由各类政策及行政措施起主导性作用。在这种情况下,需要充分发挥司法保障机制的作用。从司法保障生态文明建设及其系统性视角,我国司法实践正积极探索司法与行政协同联动机制。为推进“双碳”目标和突破气候诉讼现有局限,还需要在该领域进一步拓展司法与行政协同机制的探索,开展直接针对气候变化法律、政策和事实等问题的诉讼,构建“碳排放影响评价”检察气候行政公益诉讼,探索行政机关作为原告的气候变化生态环境损害赔偿诉讼,并在这些新型诉讼中丰富司法与行政协同机制内涵。

Legal guarantee is very important to the realization of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in China,which necessitates a coordinated approach involving legislation,administration,and the judiciary.Currently,China's legislation on climate change response is not yet sound,policies and administrative measures play a dominant role,yet progress has been slow.Therefore,it is essential to fully utilize the judicial safeguard mechanisms.In the field of environmental protection,China's judicial practice is actively exploring the mechanism of judicial and administrative coordination and linkage.Prosecutorial climate administrative public interest litigation focusing on"carbon emission impact assessments",administrative agencies as plaintiffs in climate change environment damage compensation litigation,these developments represent significant advancements in the exploration of judicial and administrative coordination mechanisms.