网络暴力刑法规制的信息传播犯罪模式

The Information Dissemination Crime Modeof Network Violence Punishment Regulation

网络暴力作为一种“社交网络恐怖主义”,已严重污染网络空间的生态环境。刑法领域对网络暴力的规制,存在着网络话语替代规范话语、无形暴力等价有形暴力的趋势,这一趋势有自相矛盾和泛化因果关系的问题。从认识论、传播学和实践论等视角,甄别网络暴力的(人身)攻击性不法信息肆意传播的本质,可为网络话语寻找规范依据。基于此,可以验证专设“网络暴力罪”的治理模式并不妥当。在既有刑法体系下,应当塑造网络暴力的信息传播犯罪规制模式,分别从网络暴力的信息制作者、信息传播者和传播辅助者等视角,贯彻网络暴力信息传播犯罪规制模式的实施方案。对于网络暴力行为的入罪标准,不宜坚守纯粹形式化的传播次数标准,应当坚守形式与实质并存的法益侵害程度标准,并以实质的“可控性”标准作为划定法益侵害程度的标尺。

As“a kind of social network terrorism”,network violence has seriously polluted the ecological environment of cyberspace.In the regulation of network violence in the field of criminal law,there is a trend of network discourse replacing normative discourse and equivalent tangible violence,which has the problem of contradiction and generalization causality.In this regard,we should identify the nature of the wanton dissemination of network violence from the perspectives of epistemology,communication and practice,so as to find a normative basis for network discourse.Based on this,it can be verified that the governance model of“network violence crime”is not appropriate.Under the existing criminal law system,the mode of information dissemination crime regulation of network violence should be shaped.From the perspective of network violence information producer,information disseminator and communication helper,the implementation plan of the regulation mode of network violence information dissemination crime is implemented.As for the standard of cyber violence,it is not appropriate to adhere to the purely formal standard of the number of transmission,but to adhere to the standard of degree of infringement of legal interests with form and substance,and the standard of“controllability”should be taken as the yardstick to delimit the degree of infringement of legal interests.