智媒传播场域下“技术中立”的法律难题解构

Expounding on the Legal Dilemma of “Technology Neutrality”in the Context of Intelligent Digital Media

智媒传播场域下,“技术中立”的论调成为智能算法自动化决策与法律责任界定的难题。然而,“技术中立”的概念使用实际上杂糅了技术哲学中的“技术无涉价值论”、立法技术上的“技术中立理念”、版权法领域的“技术中立原则”三方内涵,导致概念混淆。“技术中立”难题的解构关键在于概念检视:一是在价值评析层面揭示技术内涵的社会维度,证成算法决策结果归责的正当性;二是明晰“技术中立理念”的内涵,排除制度设计层面的概念干扰;三是阐明“技术中立原则”的规则演变及法律适用条件,指正其在责任界定中有限的抗辩效果。基于历史视野,“技术中立”的技术治理观已无法适配当下的算法治理场景,应以“算法向善”为导向,在规范层面转变技术治理模式。

The debate on“technology neutrality”has become a conundrum between the application of automated algorithmic decision-making and the determination of legal responsibility in the context of intelligent digital media.However,objectively speaking,the concept of“technology neutrality”which be widely used has confused three connotations:the concept of“technology is value-independent”in the philosophy of technology,the principle of“technology-neutral”in legislative technique,and“substantial non-Infringing use rule”under copyright law.The key to expound the conundrum of“technology neutrality”lies in the review of connotations.First of all,the legitimacy of legal liability of algorithmic decision-making should be proven by revealing the social dimension of technology in terms of the value aspect.Secondly,the interference of the conception in terms of institutional planning of legislation should be eliminated by defining the connotation of the principle of technology neutrality of legislative technique.Thirdly,explain that it only has a limited defense effect in defining responsibility by clarifying the development and legal application conditions of“substantial non-Infringing use rule”.Based on a historical perspective,the principle of“technology neutrality”has been unable to adapt to the algorithm governance scene nowadays,therefore,the principle of“algorithm for good”should be serve as the governance guideline to promote a change of the mode of technology governance in law.