算法权力在治理体系中的产生与规制

The Generation and Regulation of Algorithmic Power in Governance System

在数字化转型的背景下,算法成为社会运行的重要规则并影响了整个治理体系的运转逻辑。算法在治理体系中的嵌入实质上是一种与制度相互型构的过程,算法强化行政组织的决策权和执行权、推动平台权力产生,并在一定程度上实现对行政人员职能替代的同时,既有的治理结构和制度安排也塑造了算法官僚这种新的组织形态,并形成了算法权力这种新的权力形态。这种权力算法化的运转逻辑在提升治理效能的同时也在权力配置、运转等方面引入了新的治理风险,可以基于权力理论从制度制约、伦理制约、权力制约和权利制约等方面进行针对性的规制。

In the context of digital transformation,algorithms have become an important rule of social operation and affect the operation logic of the entire social governance system.The application of algorithm in the governance system is essentially a process of mutual structure with the system.While it strengthens the decision-making and execution power of administrative organizations,promotes the generation of platform power,and realizes the functional replacement of the street bureaucracy system to a certain extent,the existing governance structure and institutional arrangement also shape the algorithm-based bureaucracy,a new governance subject,and formed a new power form of algorithm power.This kind of power algorithm operation logic not only improves governance efficiency,but also introduces new governance risks in the aspects of power allocation and operation.In view of these risks,we can carry out targeted regulation from the aspects of system restriction,ethical restriction,power restriction and right restriction.