自尊、积极应对方式在心理弹性与疲劳之间的多重中介作用

Multiple mediation effects of self-esteem and positive coping style on relationship between mental resilience and fatigue

目的探究自尊和积极应对方式在心理弹性与疲劳之间的中介作用。方法整群抽取1092人作为研究对象,全部为男性,采用多维疲劳量表、心理弹性量表、简易应对方式问卷及罗森伯格自尊量表进行测量。采用Pearson相关性分析探讨变量间的关系,采用分层线性回归分析心理弹性、积极应对方式及自尊对疲劳的预测性,构建结构方程模型检验积极应对方式、自尊在心理弹性与疲劳之间的中介作用。结果共回收有效问卷1065份,有效率为97.53%。Pearson相关性分析结果表明疲劳与心理弹性、积极应对方式、自尊呈负相关(r=-0.619、-0.538、-0.589,均P<0.01),与消极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.340,P<0.01);心理弹性与积极应对方式、自尊呈正相关(r=0.706、0.583,均P<0.01),与消极应对方式无相关性(r=0.014,P>0.05);自尊与消极应对方式呈负相关(r=-0.181,P<0.01),与积极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.474,P<0.01)。分层线性回归分析结果表明心理弹性可以独立解释疲劳38.3%的方差变异(P<0.01),加入积极应对方式和自尊后可多解释疲劳9.2%方差变异(P<0.01)。结构方程模型拟合度指标为χ^(2)=31.404,df=7,χ^(2)/df=4.486,比较性配适指标为0.994,塔克-刘易斯指数为0.998,近似误差均方根为0.014;中介效应分析显示积极应对方式(P=0.01)、自尊(P<0.001)存在中介效应,且自尊的中介效应大于积极应对方式(P=0.007),心理弹性的直接效应显著(P<0.001)。结论自尊、积极应对方式在心理弹性与疲劳之间存在部分中介效应,且自尊的中介效应更大,提示心理弹性、自尊、积极应对方式是疲劳的保护性因素,可以通过开展心理弹性训练,提升自尊水平,采取积极的应对方式来减少疲劳程度。

Objective To investigate the mediation effects of positive coping style and self-esteem on the relationship between mental resilience and fatigue.Methods A total of 1092 males were selected by cluster sampling,and were surveyed using multidimensional fatigue inventory scale,the Connor-Davidson resilience scale,simplified coping style questionnaire,and Rosenberg self-esteem scale.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between variables,and hierarchical linear regression was used to analyze the predictive value of mental resilience,positive coping style,and self-esteem for fatigue.Structural equation model was constructed to investigate the mediation roles of positive coping style and self-esteem in the relationship between mental resilience and fatigue.Results A total of 1065 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 97.53%.The results of Pearson correlation analysis suggested that fatigue was negatively associated with mental resilience,positive coping style,and self-esteem(r=-0.619,-0.538,-0.589;all P<0.01),and positively associated with negative coping style(r=0.340,P<0.01);mental resilience was positively correlated with positive coping style and self-esteem(r=0.706,0.583;both P<0.01),but not correlated with negative coping style(r=0.014,P>0.05).Self-esteem was negatively correlated with negative coping style(r=-0.181,P<0.01),and positively correlated with positive coping style(r=0.474,P<0.01).The results of hierarchical linear regression showed that mental resilience could independently explain 38.3%of the variance of fatigue(P<0.01),and self-esteem and positive coping style could explain an additional 9.2% variance of fatigue(P<0.01).The model fit index of structural equation model was χ^(2)=31.404,df=7,χ^(2)/df=4.486,with the comparative fit index being 0.994,Tucker-Lewis index being 0.998,and root mean square error of approximation being 0.014.The mediation effect analysis showed that the mediation effects of positive coping style(P=0.01)and self-esteem(P<0.001)were significant,with that of self-esteem being greater than that of positive coping style(P=0.007),and the direct effects of mental resilience was significant(P<0.001).Conclusion Self-esteem and positive coping style have partial mediation effect on the relationship between mental resilience and fatigue,and the mediation effect of self-esteem is greater,suggesting that mental resilience,self-esteem and positive coping style are protective factors of fatigue.Carrying out resilience training,improving self-esteem,and adopting positive coping style can reduce the fatigue.