长三角城市群低碳发展效率测度及时空格局演变

Measurement of Low-Carbon Development Efficiency and Spatial-Temporal Pattern Evolution of the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations

城市群低碳协同发展是应对气候变化、实现“双碳”目标的重要途径,测度区域低碳发展效率水平,把握其时空演变规律,对促进城市群低碳协同发展具有重要意义。本文构建低碳发展效率测算方法评估2005−2020年长三角城市群经济、社会、生态复合维度的低碳发展效率水平,并基于此开展长三角低碳发展分区,结果表明:①构建的低碳发展效率测算方法能够有效测度城市群复合维度的低碳发展效率水平,进而得出低碳发展综合效率。②低碳发展综合效率在空间上呈现出“高值多点集聚,低值中部连片”的分布特征,低碳发展综合效率高值、较高值城市从皖中、皖北及浙南地区集聚分布演变为沪宁合杭甬发展带集聚分布,低值、较低值城市集聚于长三角中部地区,呈带状分布。③基于低碳发展效率测算结果,将长三角城市分为五类低碳发展优势区,分别为经济低碳优势区、社会低碳优势区、生态碳汇优势区、经济-社会低碳优势区和社会-生态低碳优势区。研究显示,长三角城市群各类低碳发展效率水平存在显著的空间差异,亟需针对不同分区的低碳发展特征提出差异化低碳策略,协同推进城市群绿色低碳发展。

The coordinated low-carbon development of urban agglomerations plays a vital role in coping with climate change and achieving the‘dual carbon goals’.Assessing the level of regional low-carbon development efficiency and understanding its spatiotemporal evolution is of great significance to promoting the coordinated low-carbon development of urban agglomerations.Therefore,this article establishes a low-carbon development efficiency measurement method to evaluate the low-carbon development efficiency of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2005 to 2020 from three dimensions:economic,social,and ecological.On this basis,low-carbon development zoning in the Yangtze River Delta region was realized.The results demonstrate that:(1)The calculation method constructed effectively evaluates the low-carbon development efficiency level of each dimension within urban agglomerations,thereby obtaining a comprehensive efficiency evaluation of low-carbon development.(2)The comprehensive efficiency of low-carbon development shows the spatial distribution characteristics of‘high values clustered at multiple points and low values concentrated in contiguous areas’.During the entire study period,high-value cities shifted from being clustering in central Anhui Province,northern Anhui Province,and southern Zhejiang Province to clustering in the Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou-Hefei-Ningbo Development Belt.On the contrary,low-value cities are concentrated in the central region of the Yangtze River Delta and are distributed in a strip.(3)Based on calculation of low-carbon development efficiency of cities in the Yangtze River Delta,the cities in the Yangtze River Delta can be divided into five types of lowcarbon development advantage zones.These include economic low-carbon advantageous zone,social carbon sharing advantageous zone,ecological carbon sink advantageous zone,economic and social low-carbon advantageous zone,and social ecological low-carbon advantageous zone.The study has revealed significant spatial differences in the efficiency levels of different aspects of low-carbon development in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration.It is crucial to propose differentiated strategies tailored to specific characteristics of each zone´s low-carbon development and promote coordinated green and low-carbon growth within urban agglomerations.