燃煤电厂减污降碳协同增效综合评价体系构建及实证研究

Construction and Empirical Research on Comprehensive Evaluation System for Synergic Reduction of Pollutants and Carbon Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants

燃煤电厂是我国大气污染物和温室气体排放的重要来源,在减污降碳协同推进的新目标形势下,如何实现减污降碳协同增效是燃煤电厂实现高质量发展的关键。开展燃煤电厂减污降碳协同增效评价研究有助于识别燃煤电厂减污降碳协同增效的现状及潜力,为燃煤电厂提升减污降碳协同增效水平提供路径分析支撑。本文在解析燃煤电厂实现减污降碳协同增效内涵的基础上,提出了定性与定量相结合的燃煤电厂减污降碳协同增效综合评价体系,涉及发展水平提升、能源低碳转型、资源循环利用、污染高效治理、助力社会减排、管理能力提升等六方面共计23项二级指标。以某沿海燃煤电厂为例,评估其2018年、2020年及2022年的减污降碳协同增效综合指数(ICSP)。结果表明,案例电厂2022年相较2018年ICSP从不足50分提至80分以上,改善幅度超70%,实现了主要大气污染物与二氧化碳的协同减排,但在能源低碳转型、污染高效治理、助力社会减排等方面仍有较大提升空间,尤其是脱硫脱硝设施能耗进一步优化空间较大。研究显示,本文建立的减污降碳协同增效综合评价体系具有一定实用性,可充分反映燃煤电厂的减污降碳潜力及工作成效。

Coal-fired power plants are a significant source of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions in China.Under the new target situation of coordinated emission reduction of pollution and carbon emissions,how to achieve synergistic benefits is a critical point for coal-fired power plants to achieve high-quality development.Carrying out research on the evaluation of collaborative emission reductions of pollution and carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants helps understand the current status and provide path analysis support for improving the level of synergic emission reductions of pollution and carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants.The study proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for collaborative emission reduction of coal-fired power plant pollution and carbon emissions that combines qualitative and quantitative methods.The evaluation index system involves six aspects:development level improvement,energy low-carbon transformation,resource recycling,efficient pollution control,social emission reduction services,and management level,with a total of 23 secondary indicators.Taking a coastal coal-fired power plant as an example,the Index of coal-fired power plant in synergistically reducing pollution and carbon emissions(ICSP)in 2018,2020 and 2022 was evaluated.The results showed that the ICSP of the case power plant in 2022 has improved from less than 50 points to more than 80 points in 2018,an increase of more than 70%.The coordinated emission reduction of major air pollutants and carbon dioxide has been realized.However,efforts still need to be made in the low-carbon energy transformation,optimization of pollution control facilities,and social emission reduction services.In particular,there is much room for further optimization of energy consumption in desulfurization and denitrification facilities.The comprehensive evaluation system for synergistically pollution reduction and carbon emissions established in this article has certain practicability and can fully reflect the potential of coal-fired power plants in reducing pollution and carbon emissions.