辩证认知“混合战争”场景下国际舆论战中的几对关系--兼评乌克兰危机期间美西方与俄之间的国际舆论战

A Dialectical Cognition of Relationships in the International Public Opinion War in the Context of“Hybrid Wars”:Observations on the International Public Opinion War between the Western World and Russia during the Ukrainian Crisis

乌克兰危机被国际社会普遍定义为一场典型的“混合战争”。在乌克兰危机期间,美西方国家与俄罗斯及双方主流媒体之间,为配合实体军事战,展开了一场空前激烈的国际舆论战。分析这场“混合战争”条件下的国际舆论战,尤其是分析俄罗斯及其主流媒体如何在这场国际舆论战中以弱敌强、以寡敌众,争取国际舆论战主动权,有助于辩证认知21世纪国际舆论场“强”与“弱”、“道”与“术”、“工”与“器”等几对关系的复杂性、相对性及其相互转化可能性,从而为有效应对21世纪“混合战争”场景下的国际舆论战提供有益的警示与启示。

The Ukrainian crisis has been widely defined by the international community as a typical“hybrid war”.During the crisis,in order to support the military entity’s war,the United States and Western countries engaged in an unprecedented intense international public opinion war with Russia,including the mainstream media of both sides.Analyzing how Russia and its mainstream media fought for the initiative in the international public opinion war by defeating the strong with the weak and the many with the few will help us to dialectically understand the complexity and relativity between the“strong”and the“weak”,the“morality”and the“technique”,and the“worker”and the“tool”in the hope of providing significant warnings and lessons for effectively coping with the international public opinion war on the scene of“hybrid war”in the 21st century.