政府参与下绿色信贷对企业碳减排的影响——基于政府、银行和企业三方演化博弈

The Impact of Government-Involved Green Credit on Corporate Carbon Emission Reduction——A three-party evolutionary game analysis of government,banks,and enterprises

绿色金融以绿色信贷为核心,是我国推动绿色发展和实现“双碳”目标的重要力量。文章通过引入地方政府的约束激励,构建了一个“政府—银行—企业”的三方演化博弈模型,以探究政府介入下绿色信贷对企业碳减排的影响。研究发现:目前我国资源型企业在绿色转型中,绿色信贷体系缺乏演化均衡策略,出现政府消极监管、银企合谋、企业“漂绿”等现象;政府补贴政策对银行绿色信贷有显著促进作用,但需慎重设定补贴系数以保持市场刺激并避免政府亏损;银行绿色信贷成本对其战略选择具有重要影响,商业银行仅在有利可图时积极参与绿色信贷;在银行业,扩大信贷规模带来的潜在风险较大,需要更多资源投入,因此银行不愿承受较大的借贷风险。基于此,文章建议政府采取一系列措施,包括明确政策、设立专项基金、建立评估体系、设置适当补贴系数、采用阶段性调整以及建立风险分担机制,以推动形成绿色信贷体系。同时,银行可通过技术创新、风险管理和行业合作来降低绿色信贷的运营成本。

Green finance,with green credit at its core,serves as a crucial force in promoting green development and achieving the“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”goals in China.The article introduces constraints and incentives from local governments,constructing a tripartite evolutionary game model involving“government-bank-enterprise”to explore the impact of government-involved green credit on corporate carbon reduction.The research reveals that currently,resource-based enterprises in China lack an evolutionary equilibrium strategy in the green transformation,leading to phenomena such as passive government supervision,collusion between banks and enterprises,and frequent instances of“green-washing”by companies.Government subsidy policies significantly promote green credit in banks,but the subsidy coefficients need careful calibration to maintain market stimulation and avoid government losses.The cost of bank green credit plays a crucial role in its strategic choices,with commercial banks actively participating in green credit only when it is profitable.In the banking sector,the potential risks associated with expanding credit pose significant concerns,and banks tend to be reluctant to bear substantial lending risks due to the need for additional resources.Based on these findings,it is recommended that the government take a series of measures,including clarifying policies,establishing special funds,creating an evaluation system,setting appropriate subsidy coefficients,adopting phased adjustments,and establishing a risk-sharing mechanism to promote the formation of a green credit system.Meanwhile,banks can reduce the operational costs of green credit through technological innovation,risk management,and industry collaboration.