含电动汽车的虚拟电厂经济优化调度分析

Economic optimization scheduling analysis of virtual power plant including electric vehicles

针对虚拟电厂(VPP)中固定的储能设备会降低储能容量变化的灵活性,提出了对VPP的风电、光伏、燃气轮机和储能系统进行统一协调调度,并将电动汽车作为可控的移动储能装置参与VPP各部分的调度。首先,建立了含电动汽车的VPP经济优化调度模型;其次,引入鲸鱼优化算法优化VPP各时段各部分的出力。实例仿真结果:所建立的调度模型预测的风力、光伏发电出力误差分别为10.28%和6.32%,误差较低,表明加入电动汽车参与VPP的优化调度使VPP具有良好的经济性;同时,风力、光伏发电出力偏差值同电动汽车和储能电池的出力大致相等,表明将电动汽车加入VPP参与调度并与储能电池配合可以提高VPP储能容量变化的灵活性和提高电网的稳定性。

To solve the problem that the fixed energy storage devices in the virtual power plant(VPP)reduce the flexibility of energy storage capacity variation,a unified coordinated dispatch of wind power,photovoltaic power,gas turbines and energy storage systems in VPPs is proposed,and electric vehicles are used as controllable mobile energy storage devices to participate in the dispatch of various parts of VPPs.First,an economic optimization dispatch model of VPPs containing electric vehicles is established.Second,the whale optimization algorithm is introduced to optimize the output of each part of VPPs in each period.The example simulation results show that the output errors of wind power and photovoltaic power generation predicted by the proposed dispatch model are 10.28%and 6.32%respectively,which are relatively low.It indicates that VPPs are more economical when electric vehicles are introduced to the optimal dispatch of VPPs.In addition,the output deviation values of wind power and photovoltaic power generation are roughly equal to the output of electric vehicles and energy storage batteries,which verifies that the flexibility of VPP energy storage capacity changes and the stability of the power grid can be improved by introducing electric vehicles to VPPs to participate in dispatch and cooperating with energy storage batteries.