药食同源草果抗微生物活性研究进展

Research Progress on the Anti-microbial Activity of Amomum tsao-ko in Medicinal Food Homology

以“草果”“菌”“病毒”“化学成分”“作用机制”“Amomum tsao-ko”“Antibacterial”“Antimicrobial”“Virus”“Chemical composition”“Mechanism”等为关键词,在中国知网、维普数据库、中国专利网、PubMed、Web of Science等数据库中组合查询到2011~2023年中的有效文献57篇,对草果抗菌物质基础、抗菌活性与机理、抗病毒活性等方面进行归纳与总结。表明草果具有广谱的抗微生物活性,对细菌、真菌和HSV-1病毒均具有不同程度的体外抑制作用和体内抗感染作用,其中挥发油、酚酸、黄酮及双环壬烷类为草果抗菌物质基础,作用机制主要表现为破坏细胞壁、细胞膜的完整性及抑制病原菌的呼吸代谢过程。但目前对草果抗微生物作用多局限于粗提物的体外抑制,体内各个药物组分之间的相互作用并不明确,且缺乏毒理学和药动学的相关研究,其安全性及药效物质基础尚需进一步深入探索。

With the keywords of“Amomum tsao-ko”,“Bacteria”,“Virus”,“Chemical composition”,and“Mechanism of action”,we searched 57 valid publications from 2011 to 2023 in CNKI,VIP database,China Patent Network,PubMed,Web of Science and other databases,and summarized the antimicrobial material basis,antimicrobial activity and mechanism,and antiviral activity of Amomum tsao-ko.It was shown that Amomum tsao-ko possesses broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity,with varying degrees of in vitro inhibitory effect and in vivo anti-infective effect against bacteria,fungi and HSV-1,in which volatile oil,phenolic acid,flavonoids and bicyclic nonanes are the basis of antimicrobial substances of Amomum tsao-ko,and the mechanism of action mainly manifested in destroying the integrity of the cell wall and cell membrane and inhibiting respiratory metabolism process of the pathogenic bacteria.However,the current anti-microbial effect of Amomum tsao-ko is mostly limited to the in vitro inhibition of crude extracts,and the interactions between individual drug components in vivo are not clear,and there is a lack of toxicology and pharmacokinetic studies,its safety and pharmacodynamic material basis needs to be further explored.