样例变异性对问题解决学习中测试效应的影响

The Impact of Example Variability on Testing Effect in Problem-Solving Learning

以240名大学生为被试,以数学应用题为实验材料,采用测试效应的经典研究范式,考察样例变异性对问题解决学习中测试效应的影响。结果发现:在即时测试中,相同样例条件下(低样例变异性)出现测试效应,不同样例条件下(高样例变异性)未出现测试效应;在延迟测试中,无论样例变异性高低,重学和测试的效果都无显著差异。该结果表明:在问题解决学习中,高样例变异性会削弱测试效应,但是这种削弱作用在延迟测试中会消失。研究结果可为问题解决学习中学习和测试的合理安排提供科学依据。

Involving 240 college students as participants and using mathematical application problems as experimental materials,this study explores the impact of example variability on testing effect in problem-solving learning through the classical research paradigm of testing effect.The results indicate that in immediate tests,the testing effect occurs under the same example condition(low variability),but not under different example conditions(high variability).In delayed tests,there are no significant differences in the effects of relearning and testing regardless of the level of example variability.The results show that high variability can weaken the testing effect in problem-solving learning,but this weakening effect will disappear in delayed tests.The research results can provide a scientific basis for the reasonable arrangement of learning and testing in problem-solving learning.