空气弹簧结构优化及仿真验证思路

Optimization and simulation verification ideas for air spring structure

针对空气弹簧在结构设计中存在的不合理现象,为减少样件试制过程中的浪费,有效降低设计及制造成本,采用空气弹簧有限元仿真及优化方法,对结构件(活塞、卡箍)、弹性件(如囊皮)等进行仿真优化,以满足输入参数的要求。根据载荷传递能力、振动吸收能力、疲劳寿命和耐高温性能等方面的仿真,实现了性能参数及结构的优化,形成空气弹簧仿真思路及方法,以达到空气弹簧设计目标。建立整车模型模拟车辆在不同路况下的行驶情况,对模型进行加载实验,模拟车辆加速和制动时的力和位移变化,并结合车辆动力学原理,对空气弹簧的行车稳定性、乘坐舒适性进行分析,得出整车仿真思路。通过以上完整的仿真、模拟思路,以期达到缩短研发周期,降低试制、试验成本、提高研发效率的目的。

In the process of structural design for air spring,there are always irrational processes.In order to avoid waste in sample production,and reduce the design and manufacturing costs,FEA method was used to simulate and optimize air spring structural parts(as pistons,rings)and elastic parts(as bellow)to meet the input parameter requirements.Based on the simulation of load transmission capacity,vibration absorption capacity,fatigue life,and high-temperature resistance,optimization of performance parameters and structure was achieved to form a simulation idea and method for air springs,so as to achieve the design goals of air springs.By establishing a vehicle model to simulate the driving conditions of vehicles under different road conditions,loading experiments were conducted on the model to simulate the force and displacement changes during vehicle acceleration and braking.Combined with the principles of vehicle dynamics,the driving stability and riding comfort of air springs were analyzed,and the vehicle simulation ideas were derived.Through the above complete simulation ideas,it was expected to shorten the research and development cycle,reduce trial production and testing costs,and improve research and development efficiency.