质子交换膜燃料电池阴极催化剂研究进展

Research progress on cathode catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

针对目前质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cells,PEMFC)商业化应用受限于价格高昂的贵金属碳载铂(Pt/C)催化剂成本以及缓慢的阴极氧还原反应(oxygen reduction reactions,ORR)动力学特性等问题,综述了氢燃料电池阴极催化剂的最新研究进展。从开发高活性、高稳定性且低成本的催化剂是PEMFC的研究重点;在保证稳定性的基础上,开发具有抗腐蚀、高催化性能和高电导率的新型载体来代替碳载体是未来的发展方向;以有序膜电极为代表的新型催化剂层结构是未来的商用目标等方面进行了分析。对提升氢燃料电池阴极催化剂层的活性和稳定性的途径进行了总结和展望。

This paper reviews the latest research advancements in the cathode catalysts for hydrogen fuel cells,addressing current challenges in the practical application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC)such as the high cost of platinum/carbon(Pt/C)catalysts and the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).The development of catalysts that are highly active,stable,and cost-effective is a critical area of research of PEMFC.On the basis of ensuring stability,developing new carriers with corrosion resistance,high catalytic performance and high conductivity to replace carbon carriers represents a forward-looking direction.This paper also analyzes the novel catalyst layer structure exemplified by the ordered membrane electrode assembly as the future commercial target.Based on the above analysis,the paper summarizes and looks ahead at approaches to enhance the activity and stability of the cathode catalyst layer in hydrogen fuel cells.