金属储氢材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Metal Hydrogen Storage Materials

氢能是一种可再生的清洁能源,被广泛应用于工业、交通、电力和建筑等领域。随着社会需求的增加,氢能消耗量逐年提升,但氢气密度较小,大规模运输与储存困难较大,因此储氢材料的性能决定氢能是否能被大规模应用。目前,储氢方式主要有低温液态储氢、高温气态储氢和固态储氢,金属储氢材料可以分为镁系、钒系、稀土系、钛系、锆系和钙系等。基于发展比较成熟且前景较好的储氢方式,综述金属储氢材料的研究现状,并展望金属储氢材料的发展方向,以进一步提高金属氢化物及合金的储氢性能。

Hydrogen energy is a renewable and clean energy source widely used in industries,transportation,electricity,and construction.With the increase of social demand,the consumption of hydrogen energy has been increasing year by year,however,the density of hydrogen is relatively low,making large-scale transportation and storage difficult,therefore,the performance of hydrogen storage materials determines whether hydrogen energy can be applied on a large scale.At present,hydrogen storage methods mainly include low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage,high-temperature gaseous hydrogen storage,and solid-state hydrogen storage,and metal hydrogen storage materials can be divided into magnesium series,vanadium series,rare earth series,titanium series,zirconium series,and calcium series.Based on the mature and promising hydrogen storage methods,the research status of metal hydrogen storage materials is reviewed,and the development direction of metal hydrogen storage materials is looked forward,in order to further improve the hydrogen storage performance of metal hydrides and alloys.