2014年-2023年合肥市某三甲医院就诊患者根本死因分析

Analysis of Fundamental Causes of Death of Patients in a Certain Grade A Tertiary Hospi⁃tal in Hefei City,2014-2023

目的:通过对合肥市某三甲医院就诊患者根本死因构成及特点进行分析,了解医院死亡疾病谱及变化趋势,为构建老年人疾病防治体系,优化医疗资源配置,制定医疗及护理策略提供参考依据。方法:采用描述性研究,回顾性分析合肥市某三甲医院2014年1月1日-2023年12月31日期间就诊患者死亡病例的分布特征及根本死因构成,对患者年龄、性别、教育程度以及根本死因进行统计分析。结果:该院十年间就诊患者死亡病例共4924例,中位年龄为79(67,86)岁。在各年龄段,男性死亡人数均高于女性,男女性别比为1.62∶1。帕累托图的结果显示,主要根本死因分别为循环系统疾病(2044人,41.5%)、肿瘤(1138人,23.1%)和呼吸系统疾病(708人,14.4%)。男性和女性的主要根本死因一致。教育水平为初中及以下的死亡人数最多。不同年龄段首位死因不同,疾病和死亡的外因是0-39岁年龄段的首位死因,循环系统疾病则是40岁以上年龄段的首位死因。结论:循环系统疾病、肿瘤以及呼吸系统疾病在死亡病例中占比最高,根本死因相对集中。医院可根据年龄、性别差异合理优化医疗资源配置,针对性开展疾病的预防、筛查和诊治工作。

Objective:By analyzing the composition and characteristics of the fundamental causes of death of patients in a certain grade A tertiary hospital in Hefei City,understanding the disease spectrum of hospital deaths and the trend of change,we can provide a reference basis for constructing a disease prevention and control system for the elderly,optimizing the allocation of healthcare resourc-es,and formulating healthcare and nursing strategies.Methods:Descriptive research was used to retrospectively analyze the distribu-tional characteristics of patients’death cases and the composition of fundamental causes of death in a certain grade A tertiary hospital in Hefei City during the period of January 1,2014-December 31,2023,and to analyze the patients’age,sex,education level,and the funda-mental cause of death,and to collect and statistically analyze the data by using excel 2010,SPSS 23.0.Results:The total number of deaths from 2014-2023 was 4,924 with a median age of 79(67,86)years.In every age group,the number of male deaths was higher than the number of female deaths,with a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.62∶1.The results of the Pareto charts showed that the main underlying causes of death were circulatory diseases(2044,41.5%),cancer(1138,23.1%),and respiratory diseases(708,14.4%),respectively;the main underlying causes of death were the same in both males and females.The highest number of deaths occurred when the education level was junior high school or below.The first cause of death varied by age,with external causes of disease and death being the first cause of death in the 0-39 age group,and circulatory system diseases being the first cause of death in the over-40 age group.Conclusion:Circu-latory diseases,cancer and respiratory system accounted for the highest proportion of deaths in a certain grade A tertiary hospital in Hefei City,and the underlying causes of death were relatively concentrated.Hospitals could rationally optimize the allocation of resources according to age and gender differences,and target the prevention,screening and diagnosis and treatment of diseases.