2023年济南晚熟苹果着色情况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Coloration of Ji′nan Late Ripe Apple of 2023

【目的】2023年10月—11月初济南出现了历史罕见的气温偏高,造成南部山区晚熟红富士苹果着色困难,对该地苹果的品质着色情况进行了调查和分析,以期为苹果产业品质提升提供参考。【方法】选择南部山区有代表性的红富士基地进行实地调查,并和主要种植业主进行座谈,对果品专家进行咨询,采用模糊数学统计方法对调查数据进行了分析,研究气温与苹果着色率之间的关系。【结果】调查表明,2023年济南南部山区红富士苹果着色差的苹果占56%,着色一般的占29%,着色好的占比仅15%。【结论】济南地区10月份及11月初的日最高气温偏高且昼夜温差偏小会影响苹果着色,可采用适时除袋、适当晚收、降低果园空气湿度、成熟后期控肥等措施,以做好晚熟苹果后期管理。

【Objective】From October 1 to early November,2023,there was a rare high temperature.Causing difficulty in coloring the late ripe red Fuji apples in the southern mountainous area of Ji′nan,to this end,to understand the law of the influence of temperature on apple coloring,the typical planting base of red Fuji apple in the southern mountainous area of Ji′nan was investigated and analyzed.【Methods】The representative base of red Fuji apple in the southern mountain area was selected for field investigation.Conducting interviews with major growers and consulting with fruit experts,temperature and coloration rate were calculated by statistical analysis.【Results】The survey showed that in 2023,the apples of red Fuji in the southern mountain area of Ji′nan would be 56%with poor color,29%with average color and only 15%with good color.【Conclusion】High maximum temperature and small diurnal temperature difference in October and early November affected apple coloring.On the basis of investigation and analysis,the scientific basis is found out,in order to provide reference for fruit farmers and do a good job in late ripening apple management.