施肥方式对稻田养殖小龙虾肌肉品质的影响

Effects of fertilization methods on muscle quality of crayfish under rice-crayfish co-culture

为探明一次性施用缓控释肥和常规施肥方式(基肥+追肥)对稻虾综合种养模式小龙虾(Procambarus clarkii)肌肉品质的影响,分别从采用上述2种施肥方式的稻虾综合种养稻田,随机采样小龙虾,对其肌肉样品进行常规营养成分分析、氨基酸和脂肪酸成分分析。结果表明,相较于常规施肥方式,一次性施肥显著降低了小龙虾肌肉中粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量,其中粗脂肪含量下降20.62%,粗蛋白含量下降4.31%;小龙虾肌肉中11种氨基酸、总氨基酸、必需和非必需氨基酸含量显著降低,仅胱氨酸显著升高。一次性施肥方式下,检测到12种脂肪酸,较常规施肥减少2种,肌肉脂肪酸含量显著降低。在不投饵的前提下,一次性施肥不利于小龙虾肌肉品质的提升。

In order to investigate the effects of one-time application of controlled-release fertilizer and conventional fertilization on the muscle quality of crayfish under rice-crayfish co-culture,crayfish were randomly sampled from rice-crayfish co-culture paddy fields using the above two fertilization methods.The muscle samples were analyzed by nutrient composition,amino acid and fatty acid composition.The results showed that one-time fertilization significantly reduced the crude fat and crude protein content of crayfish muscle,with crude fat content decreased by 20.62%and crude protein content decreased by 4.31%,compared with conventional fertilization.The contents of 11 amino acids,total amino acids,essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids in the muscle of crayfish were significantly decreased under the one-time fertilization method,and only Cystine was significantly increased.Under one-time fertilization,12 kinds of fatty acids were detected,2 kinds less than conventional fertilization,and the content of fatty acids in muscle was significantly reduced.Without feeding bait,one-time fertilization could not effectively improve the muscle quality of crayfish.