计量语言学视角下的词汇文体特征研究——以日语副词为研究对象

A Study on Lexical Stylistic Features from the Perspective of Quantitative Linguistics:Taking Japanese Adverbs as an Example

运用计量语言学研究范式,对副词的专业度、客观度等指标进行量化分析,能够较为准确地揭示其文体特征。相关性分析显示,副词占比与文本的专业度、客观度、硬度等级存在中等程度的正相关,与随意度等级存在中等程度的负相关,与对话性等级则存在很弱的负相关。在文本特征之间,专业度、客观度、硬度存在中等程度的正相关。三者与随意度均存在中等程度的负相关,与对话性存在很弱的负相关。而随意度和对话性之间则存在着很弱的正相关。单因素方差分析显示,随着文本由客观向主观、由生硬向柔和、由正式向随意变化以及对话性不断增强、专业度不断降低,副词占比不断提高。通过对应分析,并根据维得分计算副词与分级基准点之间的欧几里得距离,能够获得高频副词的文体特征指标分级数据,从而准确掌握它们在不同文体文本中的分布规律以及具体的文体特征。

Taking adverbs as an example,this paper explores how to apply the paradigm of corpus linguistics to quantitatively analyze the professionalism,objectivity,and other stylistic features of Japanese vocabulary.Correlation analysis shows that the proportion of adverbs has a moderate positive correlation with the text's degree of specialization,objectivity,and formality.It has a moderate negative correlation with casualness and a very weak negative correlation with dialogic nature.Specialization,objectivity,and formality are moderately positively correlated with each other.All three have a moderate negative correlation with casualness and a very weak negative correlation with dialogic nature.Meanwhile,casualness and dialogic nature have a very weak positive correlation.One-way analysis of variance shows that as the text transitions from objective to subjective,from rigid to soft,from formal to casual,and as the dialogic nature increases and the degree of specialization decreases,the proportion of adverbs increases.Through correspondence analysis and calculating the Euclidean distance between the adverb and the grading reference points according to the dimension score,we obtained graded data for the top 20o0 high-frequency adverbs under five stylistic feature indicators,gaining a relatively accurate understanding of their distribution patterns and stylistic features in texts with different stylistic characteristics.