2014—2023年柳州市柳北区居民死因监测数据分析

Analysis of mortality surveillance of residents in Liubei district,Liuzhou,2014-2023

目的了解柳州市柳北区常住居民的死因分布特点及其变化趋势,为制定相应的疾病防控策略提供科学依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统——人口死亡信息登记管理系统”中获取2014—2023年柳北区常住居民死亡病例资料,分析人群粗死亡率、标化死亡率、死因顺位及其年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)等统计指标。死亡分类采用《疾病和有关健康问题的国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)》编码。结果2014—2023年柳北区常住居民死亡27642例,粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为608.76/10万和726.62/10万。不同年份粗死亡率和标化死亡率均呈上升趋势。男性居民粗死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性居民。年龄别粗死亡率均呈“√”形。前5位死因稳定,依次为恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒。恶性肿瘤居民死因顺位由第1位下降至第2位,脑血管病居民死因顺位由第2位上升至第1位。2014—2023年前4位死因构成比占总死因的比例在70.50%~73.67%之间。心、脑血管疾病的粗死亡率均呈上升趋势。脑血管疾病、其他冠心病和高血压性心脏病的粗死亡率和标化死亡率均呈上升趋势;急性心肌梗死的粗死亡率呈下降趋势。恶性肿瘤死因顺位前5位分别为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和乳腺癌。结直肠癌、乳腺癌的粗死亡率和标化死亡率均呈上升趋势。结论柳北区常住居民粗死亡率和标化死亡率均较低,但总体呈上升趋势,男性居民粗死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性居民。恶性肿瘤和心、脑血管疾病等慢性非传染性疾病是居民的主要死因,应针对其采取有效的防控措施。

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and change trend of death causes among permanent residents in Liubei district of Liuzhou city,and to provide scientific basis for formulating corresponding disease prevention and control strategies.Methods Death case data of permanent residents in Liubei district from 2014 to 2023 were obtained from“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System-Population Death Information Registration and Management System”,and the crude mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,the rank of cause of death and its annual percent change(APC)and other statistical indicators were analyzed.Deaths were classified by the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems,10th Edition(ICD-10)coding.Results From 2014 to 2023,27642 permanent residents died in Liubei district of Liuzhou city.The crude mortality rate and standardized mortality rate were 608.76/100000and 726.62/100000,respectively.The crude mortality rate and the standardized mortality rate both showed increasing trends in different years.Both of the crude death rate and standardized death rate of male residents were higher than female residents.The age-specific crude mortality rate was in the shape of“√”.The top 5 causes of death were stable,as followed:malignant tumor,cerebrovascular disease,cardiovascular disease,respiratory disease,injury,and poisoning.The cause of death among residents with malignant tumor decreased from the first to the second place,and the cause of death among residents with cerebrovascular disease residents increased from the second to the first place.The top 4 causes of death accounted for 70.50%~73.67%of the total causes of death.The crude death rate of heart and cerebrovascular diseases showed an increasing trend.The crude and standardized mortality of cerebrovascular disease,other coronary heart disease.and hypertensive heart disease showed upward trends.The crude death rate of acute myocardial infarction showed a decreasing trend.The top 5 causes of death were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,and breast cancer.The crude and standardized mortality rates of colorectal cancer and breast cancer were on the rise.Conclusions The crude death rate and standardized death rate of permanent residents in Liubei district are both low,but the overall trend is rising.The crude death rate and standardized death rate of male residents are higher than female residents.Chronic noncommunicable diseases such as malignant tumors and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the main causes of death among residents,and effective prevention and control measures should be carried out against them.