基于指纹图谱和多指标定量分析鲜地黄不同加工方式后化学成分变化

Chemical composition changes of fresh Rehmanniae Radix after different processing methods based on fingerprinting and multi-index components determination

目的基于指纹图谱和多指标定量测定对鲜地黄中地黄汁、地黄片、地黄渣的化学成分进行分析与比较,阐明鲜地黄药材不同加工方法指标性成分的分布规律。方法采用HPLC法建立10批地黄汁、地黄片和地黄渣指纹图谱,相似度分析结合化学模式识别法进行分析。采用HPLC法,HPLC-蒸发光散射检测(ELSD)法分别测定地黄样品中苷类、糖类成分含量。结果建立的HPLC指纹图谱共标定14个共有峰,聚类分析将样品分为3类;经主成分分析,主成分1~3是影响鲜地黄样品质量的主要因子;采用正交偏最小二乘-判别法标记了鲜地黄样品中8个差异性成分。苷类、糖类成分总含量测定均表明地黄汁>地黄片>地黄渣,苷类成分中除地黄苷A外,地黄汁中梓醇、桃叶珊瑚苷、地黄苷D、益母草苷含量都高于地黄片和地黄渣,质量分数为7.43%~7.78%、0.10%~0.11%、0.59%~0.66%、0.69%~0.72%;糖类成分除棉子糖外,地黄汁中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、水苏糖的含量都高于地黄片和地黄渣,质量分数为2.40%~2.55%、1.84%~2.02%、12.33%~12.77%、33.03%~33.45%。结论通过指纹图谱和含量测定方法,明确了鲜地黄不同加工方式化学成分变化,为临床上地黄汁、地黄片的使用提供参考,并为地黄渣的回收利用提供科学依据。

Objective To comprehensively compare and evaluate the composition of fresh Dihuang(Rehmanniae Radix,RR)juice,tablets and residues samples based on fingerprint analysis and quantitative analysis of multi-components.Methods Fingerprints of 10 batches of RR juice,RR tablets and RR residues were established by HPLC,and similarity analysis was combined with chemical pattern recognition method.HPLC and HPLC-evaporative light scattering(ELSD)detection were used to determine the contents of glycosides and sugars in RR samples.Results A total of 14 common peaks were identified in the established fingerprints.Cluster analysis classified the samples into three categories;According to the principal component analysis,principal components 1—3 were the main factors affecting the quality of fresh RR samples;Eight differential components in RR samples were marked by partial least squares discrimination analysis.The total content of glycosides and sugars were in the order of fresh RR juice>RR tablets>RR residues,glycosides in the RR samples were higher than those in RR tablets and RR residue except for rehmannioside A.The contents of catalpol,aucubin,rehmannioside D,ajugol were all higher than those in RR tablets and RR residue,with the contents ranging from 7.43%-7.78%,0.10%-0.11%,0.59%-0.66%,0.69%-0.72%;Carbohydrate components other than raffinose,the contents of fructose,glucose,sucrose,stachyose in the RR juice were higher than those in the RR tablets and RR residues,with contents of 2.40%-2.55%,1.84%-2.02%,12.33%-12.77%,33.03%-33.45%.Conclusion The fingerprint and content determination methods,the changes of chemical composition in different processing methods of fresh RR were clarified to provide scientific and rational references for the use of RR juice and RR tablets in clinic,as well as to provide scientific basis for the recycling of RR residue.