论周代婚姻礼制下贵族女性的婚姻境遇——以《诗经》为中心

On Noble Women′s Marital Situation Under the Rituals of Marriage in Zhou Dynasty--Centering Around The Book of Songs

作为周代礼乐文化的承载者,《诗经》保存了完备的礼乐制度,客观反映周代的婚姻礼制。从婚前的祭成之礼、婚时的亲迎之礼及婚后的归宁之礼可知,周代贵族女性在成婚前后受到礼制的严格约束。通过婚前重视贵族女性教育与婚后忽视其情感诉求的对比,《诗经》反映了周代贵族女性被压抑、被束缚的从属地位与悲伤凄凉的人生命运。

The Book of Songs,the ritual culture carrier of Zhou Dynasty,keeps a complete record of the ritual system of Zhou Dynasty,objectively reflecting the rituals of marriage,in which,noble women were featured,either from the rituals of sacrifice before to the rituals of welcome at the time of or to the rituals of restoration after wedding ceremony,showing the rituals to which noble women were subjected all before and after marriage during Zhou Dynasty.With a strong contrast between the great importance attached to noble women before marrying and the ignorance of their emotional appeal after marrying,The Book of Songs,suggests that noble women of Zhou Dynasty were suppressed and confined to the dependent marital status,and their miserable and desolate life destiny.