外源激素对蝴蝶兰光合生理与花芽分化的影响

Effects of Exogenous Hormones on Photosynthetic Physiology and Flower Bud Differentiation in Phalaenopsis

以蝴蝶兰品种‘紫水晶’‘粉水晶’‘芭比娃娃’幼苗为试材,通过喷施50 mg·L-1的赤霉素(GA3)、细胞分裂素(6-BA)、激动素(KT)等3种植物生长调节剂,采用形态学、光合特性和生理特征分析的方法,研究了蝴蝶兰花芽分化进程和外源激素对蝴蝶兰花芽分化的影响,以期为建立蝴蝶兰精准调控花期技术提供参考依据,同时也为蝴蝶兰产业发展奠定了重要基础。结果表明:蝴蝶兰花芽分化过程历时约4个月,可分为花芽未分化、花序原基分化、花原基分化、萼片原基分化、花瓣原基分化、蕊柱及花粉块分化7个阶段;植物生长素6-BA>GA3>KT,‘紫水晶’>‘粉水晶’>‘芭比娃娃’,其中‘紫水晶’蝴蝶兰中6-BA>GA3>KT,‘粉水晶’蝴蝶兰中KT>6-BA>GA3,‘芭比娃娃’中GA3>6-BA>KT,筛选出显著性较强的为6-BA处理下的‘紫水晶’、KT处理下的‘粉水晶’和GA3处理下的‘芭比娃娃’。

The seedlings of Phalaenopsis species 'Amethyst' 'Pink Crystal' and 'Barbie' were used as test materials,and the effects of exogenous hormones on the bud differentiation process and flower bud differentiation were studied by spraying three plant growth regulators,including 50 mg · L~(-1) of gibberellin(GA_3),cytokinin(6-BA),agonist(KT) and other three kinds of plant growth regulators,and adopted the methods of morphology,photosynthetic characteristics and physiological features to study the process of bud differentiation and the influence of exogenous hormones on bud differentiation of Phalaenopsis,in order to provide reference for the establishment of Phalaenopsis precise control of flowering technology,and at the same time laying an important foundation for the development of the Phalaenopsis industry.The results showed that,the process of flower bud differentiation in Phalaenopsis lasted about 4 months and could be divided into 7 stages,undifferentiated flower buds,inflorescence primordial differentiation,floral primordial differentiation,sepal primordial differentiation,petal primordial differentiation,and stamen column and pollen mass differentiation;the plant growth hormones,6-BA> GA_3> KT,'Amethyst'> 'Pink Crystal'>'Barbie',with 6-BA> GA_3> KT in 'Amethyst' Phalaenopsis,and KT> 6-BA>GA_3, and GA_3>6-BA>KT in 'Barbie',and the more significant ones were screened out as 'Amethyst' under 6-BA treatment,'Pink Crystal' under ' KT treatment' and 'Barbie' under GA_3 treatment.