利用废弃椰木制备B和N共掺杂碳微纳结构及其电磁波吸收性能

Preparation of B and N Co-Doped Carbon Micro-Nanostructures Using Waste Coconut Wood and Their Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties

5G通信技术为社会发展和日常生活提供了极大的便利,但同时也带来严重的电磁波污染。为了减轻这种污染产生的危害,设计轻量化和环保的宽带电磁波吸收材料已成为研究热点。本文利用椰木做前驱体制备了一种具有竹节管状一维结构的B和N共掺杂碳材料,B和N共掺杂优化了生物质衍生碳的组成,改善了材料的阻抗匹配,一维的竹节中空结构有利于电磁波进入材料内部。制备的材料具有优异的电磁波吸收性能,最低反射损耗(RL)在14.12 GHz时达到-59.64 dB,有效吸收带宽(EAB)宽度范围为5.88 GHz,所需厚度仅为2.1 mm。研究结果表明这种材料优异的电磁波吸收性能来自于电磁波在材料中的多重折射和散射、偶极子极化、界面极化及电导极化等方面的共同作用。

5G communication technology provides great convenience for social development and daily life,but it also brings serious electromagnetic wave pollution.To mitigate the harm caused by this pollution,designing lightweight and eco-friendly broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing materials has become a research focus.In this paper,a B and N co-doped carbon material with bamboo-like one-dimensional hollow tubular structure is prepared using coconut wood as precursor.B and N co-doping optimizes the composition of biomass-derived carbon and improves the impedance matching of the material.The bamboo-like one-dimensional hollow tubular structure is conducive to the entry of electromagnetic waves into the material.Consequently,the prepared material exhibits remarkable electromagnetic wave absorption properties,with the lowest reflection loss(RL)value of-59.64 dB at 14.12 GHz,an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)width range of 5.88 GHz,and a required thickness of only 2.1 mm.Research results demonstrate that the excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance of this material stems from a combination of multiple refractions and scattering within the material,dipolar polarization,interfacial polarization,and conductive polarization.