《神农本草经》与《中国药典》(2020年版)收载药物的五味差异比对研究

Comparative study on the differences of five flavors of drugs contained in Shen Nong’s Classic of the Materia Medica and Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020)

目的探讨《神农本草经》与2020年版《中国药典》收载药物的五味差异性。方法将《神农本草经》与2020年版《中国药典》收载药物的五味信息进行统计归纳、分类比对。结果两者均收载的药物共203种,其中五味记载相同的药物78味,记载不同的药物125味。五味记载差异表现在两方面:五味记载完全不同的药物有27味;五味记载部分相同的有96味,在《神农本草经》的基础上增载了其他药味,有一药载两种味、一药载三种味的情况。结论收载药物五味记载存在差异,除古人对部分药物的五味认识存在局限之外,还与品种变迁、药用部位不同等因素有关。研究《神农本草经》与《中国药典》收载的四气、五味、功效及现代药药理等内容,对促进经典名方研究有积极作用。

Objective To investigate the differences in the five flavors in Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica and Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020).Methods In this study,the five flavors of medicines in Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica and Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020)were statistically summarized and compared;Results There are 203 types of medicines in both of them,among which 78 medicines with the same five flavors are recorded,and 125 medicines have different records.The differences in the five flavors are shown in two aspects:There are 27 medicines with completely different records of five flavors,but 96 medicines are partially with the same five flavors.Conclusion In addition to the limited understanding of the ancients in the five flavors of medicines,the reasons for these differences are also related to factors including varietal changes and changes in medicinal sites.The study of the four qi,five flavors,efficacy,and pharmacologies of medicines in Shen Nong's Classic of the Materia Medica and Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020)will have a positive effect on the promotion of classical prescriptions.