四川省猪肉与鱼肉全氟化合物污染水平和膳食暴露评估

Perfluorinated compounds pollution levels and dietary exposure assessment of pork and fish in Sichuan Province

目的调查四川省猪肉和鱼肉中全氟化合物(perfluorinated compounds,PFCs)的污染水平,并评估四川省居民经猪肉和鱼肉暴露于PFCs的状况。方法采用抽样调查的方式抽取2010~2012年四川省的猪肉和鱼肉,通过2022年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测中针对17种PFCs的监测数据,结合中国居民营养与健康状况监测中四川省的膳食调查数据,评估四川省居民经猪肉和鱼肉摄入PFCs的暴露风险。结果猪肉中检出了全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)和全氟丁酸(perfluorobutanoic acid,PFBA),总检出率为4.17%;鱼肉中检出了全氟十一酸(perfluoroundecanoic acid,PFUnDA)、全氟辛基磺酸(perfluorooctane sulfonic acid,PFOS)、全氟十三酸(perfluorotridecanoic acid,PFTrDA)、全氟癸酸(perfluorodecanoic acid,PFDA)和全氟十二酸(perfluorododecanoic acid,PFDoDA)5种PFCs,总检出率为20.83%。鱼肉样品中PFCs检出率由高到低依次为带鱼、鲢鱼和鲫鱼/鲤鱼。四川省居民经猪肉和鱼肉暴露的总PFCs平均估计每周摄入量(estimated weekly intake,EWI)为5.614 ng/kg,其中PFOA的平均EWI为1.638 ng/kg;PFOS的平均EWI为0.210 ng/kg。结论四川省猪肉和鱼肉均存在PFCs污染情况,鱼肉较猪肉检出率更高;四川省居民经猪肉和鱼肉摄入的PFOS和PFOA均在安全限值范围内,但总PFCs摄入的暴露风险还有待进一步评估。

Objective To investigate the contamination levels of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)in pork and fish in Sichuan Province,and to assess the exposure of Sichuan residents to PFCs via pork and fish.Methods The pork and fish of Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2012 were sampled by means of sampling survey.The monitoring data of 17 PFCs in the National Risk Monitoring of Food Contaminants and Harmful Factors in 2022 were combined with the dietary survey data of Sichuan Province in the Nutrition and Health Status Monitoring of Chinese Residents.To assess the risk of exposure to PFCs from pork and fish ingestion in Sichuan Province.Results PFOA and PFBA were detected in pork,and the total detection rate was 4.17%;five PFCs,namely PFUnDA,PFOS,PFTrDA,PFDA,and PFDoDA,were detected in fish,and the total detection rate was 20.83%.The detection rates of PFCs in fish samples were,in descending order,scallop,silver carp and crucian carp/carp.The average EWI of total PFCs exposed to Sichuan residents via pork and fish was 5.614 ng/kg/week,with an average EWI of 1.638 ng/kg/week for PFOA and 0.210 ng/kg/week for PFOS.Conclusion PFCs contamination was found in both pork and fish in Sichuan Province,with a higher detection rate in fish than in pork.The intakes of PFOS and PFOA from pork and fish by Sichuan residents were within the safety limits,but the exposure risk of total PFCs intake needs to be further evaluated.