后疫情时代居民焦虑、抑郁和失眠现状及疫情相关影响因素

The current status and epidemic-related influencing factors of the symptoms of anxiety,depression and insomnia among residents in China's Mainland in the post-epidemic era

目的探究后疫情时代居民焦虑、抑郁和失眠等心理问题的现状及疫情相关因素对心理问题的影响。方法于2023年1―4月,通过在线横断面调查,对焦虑、抑郁和失眠进行标准化测量以及与不良心理健康结果相关的风险因素进行调查;心理评估量表通过采用t检验、方差分析和χ^(2)检验的方法比较各组焦虑、抑郁和失眠的差异,Pearson相关分析用于探究后疫情时代相关因素与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量评分的相关性,线性回归模型确定后疫情时代相关因素与焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量的定量关系。结果研究共纳入35213名≥16岁的居民,患焦虑症共8464人(24.0%),广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder-7,GAD-7)评分为(6.30±5.06)分,患抑郁症共12216人(34.7%),抑郁症筛查量表(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)评分为(7.98±6.12)分,患失眠症共12416人(35.3%),匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分为(8.75±3.94)分。焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量得分均与疫情感染指数(infection index,INI)呈负相关(β=-0.083,-0.042,-0.069,均P<0.001),焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量得分均与疫情影响指数(impact index,IMI)和疫情忧虑指数(concern index,COI)呈正相关(β=0.401,0.365,0.207,均P<0.001)。结论后疫情时代,居民焦虑、抑郁及失眠症状检出率较高,从改善疫情导致的生活、社交不便和担忧出发,帮助人们以良好的心理健康水平应对新型冠状病毒感染(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)的长期影响。

Objective To explore the current status of psychological symptoms of anxiety,depression and insomnia among residents in China's Mainland in the post-epidemic era and the influence of epidemic-related factors on psychological symptoms.Methods Standardized measures of anxiety,depression,and insomnia as well as measures of risk factors known to be associated with poor mental health outcomes were administered through an online cross-sectional survey from January to April,2023.One-way analysis of variance,t test,andχ^(2)test were used to analyze the differences of anxiety,depression and insomnia among different groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between epidemic-related factors and psychological symptoms.The linear regression model was used to determine the quantitative relationship between epidemic-related factors and anxiety,depression and sleep quality.Results Among of 35213 participants aged≥16 years,8464(24.0%)had anxiety symptoms with generalized anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7)score(6.30±5.06),12216(34.7%)had depression with patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)score(7.98±6.12),and 12416(35.3%)had insomnia with PSQI score(8.75±3.94)points.The scores of anxiety,depression and sleep quality were negatively correlated with INI(infection index)(β=-0.083,-0.042,-0.069,P<0.001),while the scores of anxiety,depression and sleep quality were positively correlated with IMI(impact index)and COI(concern index)(β=0.401,0.365,0.207,P<0.001).Conclusions The symptoms of anxiety,depression and sleep quality among residents in China's Mainland were severe in the post-epidemic era.It is necessary to continue to pay attention to the mental health of residents and help people cope with the long-term effects of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)with a good level of mental health.