基于三节点逆元法与光纤传感器的机翼形态重构方法

Reconstruction Method of Wing Shape Based on Three-node Inverse Finite Element Method and Optical Fiber Sensor

基于应变信息的飞机机翼结构形态重构技术,可为“仿生式机翼”的气动外形、气弹特性以及隐身性能控制提供数据支撑。为实现对飞机机翼的变形监测,本文提出一种基于三节点逆有限元法和应变信息采集的形态重构方法,并给出相应的光频域反射型分布式光纤传感器布局形式。首先,建立飞机机翼简化模型,开展基于有限元分析结果的形态重构方法仿真验证。其次,构建基于分布式光纤传感器的机翼简化模型应变监测与形态重构试验系统。研究表明,自然下垂工况下,机翼简化模型形态重构相对误差平均值约为4.01%;弯扭组合工况下,机翼简化模型形态重构相对误差平均值约为6.34%。本文所提方法适用于不同载荷工况下飞机机翼变形监测,能够为可变体机翼形态调控与机载共型天线相位补偿提供帮助。

The shape reconstruction technology of aircraft wing structure based on strain information can provide data support for the aerodynamic shape,aeroelastic characteristics and stealth performance control of‘bionic wing’.In order to realize the deformation monitoring of aircraft wings,this paper proposes a morphological reconstruction method based on three-node inverse finite element method and strain information acquisition,and gives the corresponding layout form of optical frequency domain reflective(OFDR)distributed optical fiber sensor.Firstly,a simplified model of aircraft wing is constructed,and the simulation verification of morphological reconstruction method based on finite element analysis results is carried out.Secondly,an experimental system for strain monitoring and shape reconstruction of simplified wing model based on distributed optical fiber sensor is constructed.The results show that the average relative error of the shape reconstruction of the simplified wing model is about 4.01%under the natural droop condition.Under the combined bending and torsion conditions,the average relative error of the shape reconstruction of the simplified wing model is about 6.34%.Therefore,the method proposed in this paper is suitable for aircraft wing deformation monitoring under different load conditions,which can provide help for morphing wing shape control and airborne conformal antenna phase compensation.