G90外圆切削循环指令的编程探究

Programming of G90 Circular Cutting Cycle Instruction

在数控编程中使用基本插补指令可以完成大部分零件典型工序的加工,但对于切削量大或轮廓较特殊的粗加工,若完全使用基本插补来完成,会给编程带来计算量大、程序繁琐、数值容易出错等一系列麻烦。数控系统中把多个重复或相似的加工路径、切削参数用固定的参数组合在一起预先编好程序并存储在存储器中,并且能灵活变更参数值,使用固定的G代码调用,控制机床进行预设好的一系列固定的操作动作,从而完成各项加工。把这些G代码称为循环指令。对非一刀加工完成的轮廓表面,即加工余量较大的表面,可以采用循环编程,以减少程序段的数量级、节省机床存储空间^([1])。

The basic interpolation instruction can be used in CNC programming to complete most of the typical machining processes of parts,but for the rough machining with large cutting amount or special contour,if the basic interpolation is completely used to complete,it will bring a series of troubles such as large calculation amount,cumbersome program,and numerical error prone.In the numerical control system,multiple repetitive or similar machining paths and cutting parameters are combined with fixed parameters and pre-programmed and stored in the memory,and the parameter values can be flexibly changed,and the fixed G code is called to control the machine tool for a preset series of fixed operation actions,so as to complete the processing.We call these G codes loop instructions.Circular programming can be used to reduce the order of magnitude of the program segment and save the storage space of the machine tool for non-single-tool machining of the contour surface,that is,the surface with large machining allowance ~([1]).