圆锥角膜铁稳态失衡的研究进展

Recent advances in research on iron homeostasis imbalance in Keratoconus

铁离子在维持角膜细胞正常代谢、DNA合成和修复等生理活动中发挥关键作用,但过量的铁离子可能引发铁稳态失衡继而导致细胞毒性损伤和死亡。圆锥角膜是最常见的扩张性角膜疾病,其典型的Fleischer环是铁稳态失衡的直接证据。圆锥角膜与铁代谢相关的前期研究显示,铁稳态失衡有可能是诱发圆锥角膜发生和发展的潜在致病机制。文章总结了人体及角膜中正常的铁代谢循环以及圆锥角膜铁稳态失衡的证据,并从维持铁稳态角度出发探索可能的治疗策略,为扩张性眼病治疗提供新的思路。

Iron ions are essential for normal metabolism,DNA synthesis,and cellular repair in corneal cells.Nevertheless,an excess of these ions can disrupt iron homeostasis,leading to cellular toxicity,damage,and death.Keratoconus,the most prevalent ectatic corneal disorder,is often marked by the Fleischer ring,which indicates an imbalance in iron homeostasis.A review of early studies on keratoconus and iron metabolism suggests that this imbalance may be a potential pathogenic mechanism contributing to the onset and progression of the disease.This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of normal iron metabolism in the human body and cornea,highlighting the evidence of iron homeostasis imbalance in keratoconus.It also explores potential therapeutic strategies focused on maintaining iron homeostasis,thereby offering novel insights into the treatment of ectatic eye diseases.