旱警水位在水库抗旱调度中的应用

Application of drought warning water level in reservoir drought operation

以供水、灌溉任务为主的水库,枯水年科学抗旱调度对保障下游河道生态、水资源高效利用尤为重要。旱警水位是发布干旱预警和启动抗旱响应机制的重要参考指标。以东南沿海地区某水库为例,核算水库供水、灌溉、生态需水量,通过长系列调节计算,绘制出水库保证供水线与限制供水线,两条调度线将水库以年为周期划分为3个运行区,结合运行区分期分级划定水库旱警水位。在此基础上,探讨了水库的供水、灌溉与生态下泄综合调度方式,并分析调度方式的合理性,为以供水、灌溉任务为主的水库枯水年抗旱调度提供经验。

For reservoirs with water supply and irrigation tasks as the main tasks,scientific drought scheduling in dry years is particularly important for ensuring the ecology of downstream rivers and efficient utilization of water resources.The drought warning water level is an important reference indicator for issuing drought warnings and initiating drought response mechanisms.Taking a reservoir in the southeast coast in China as an example,the water supply,irrigation and ecological requirements of the reservoir are calculated.Through a long series of adjustment calculations,the guaranteed and restricted water supply lines of the reservoir are drawn.The two regulation lines divide the reservoir into three operating areas on an annual basis,and the drought warning water level of the reservoir is determined by stages and levels based on the operating areas.On this basis,the comprehensive scheduling methods for water supply,irrigation,and ecological discharge of reservoirs were explored,and the rationality of the scheduling methods was analyzed.Provide experience for drought scheduling in reservoirs with water supply and irrigation tasks as the main tasks during dry years.