话语标记“哪里”的序列位置与互动功能

Sequential Position and Interactional Functions of the Discourse Marker“nali”in Mandarin Chinese

本文考察话语标记“哪里”在自然会话中的位置分布、互动功能以及功能形成因素。研究表明,“哪里”倾向于出现以下4个位置:相邻对后件、中扩展序列、最小后扩展序列、非最小后扩展序列。基于“行为本位”的理念,本文发现,“哪里”在自然会话中的主要功能是用于实施恭维、修正、否定、客套、辩解5种社会行为,它是会话互动中充当人际构建和话语协商的重要资源。影响其互动功能形成的因素主要有两个:其一,否定义滞留;其二,礼貌原则的语用强化。

“nali”can be used as a discourse marker in natural conversations in Mandarin Chinese.This study provides a comprehen⁃sive examination of the sequential position,interactional functions,and factors influencing the formation of the discourse marker“nali”in Mandarin Chinese.The research reveals that“nali”typically occurs in the second pair of adjacent pairs,between the first and second pair of adjacent pairs,in post⁃expansion and non⁃minimal post expansion.Drawing on the“action⁃oriented”framework,the study identifies that“nali”in natural conversations,primarily serves to enact social actions such as compliments,corrections,negations,courtesies,and justifications,thereby playing a crucial role in interpersonal relations and conversational dynamics.The development of its interactive functions is influenced by the persistence of negative connotations and the pragmatic fortification of politeness principles.