多维真值视角下主观化的实现机制研究——以“有2+vp”的复现为例

The Implementation Mechanism of Subjectivization from the Perspective of Multidimensional Truth Values

“有+vp”形式在现代汉语中的使用日渐频繁,其中尤以“有2+vp”频率的提升引人关注。与以往研究不同的是,本文不仅从历时层面来看“有2+vp”的演化过程,更是从多维真值视角来考察“有2+vp”的主观化进程。经研究发现,“有2+vp”形式在现代汉语中复现以后,依次应用于话语的答句、问句以及陈述句之中,并分别产生焦点标记、倾向表述和存在强调的主观性含义。其主观化的实现机制包括系统缺位、构造类推、形式冗余、真值转移4个环节,在此过程中缺位的表达真值与类推产生的形式重新组合,完成语义从描述维度向表达维度的发展,其本质为形式与意义的再平衡。

The use of the“you+vp”form in modern Chinese is becoming increasingly frequent,with the increasing frequency of“you2+vp”being particularly noteworthy.Unlike previous studies,this article not only examines the evolutionary process of“you2+vp”from a historical perspective,but also analyzes the subjective process of“you2+vp”from a multidimensional truth perspective.Through research,it has been found that the term“you2+vp”in ancient Chinese first appeared in the pre Qin period,with a rela⁃tively simple and infrequent usage at the beginning.The usage gradually became more abundant in the Wei and Jin Dynasties,and after the Song Dynasty,the dynamic particle“le”gradually formed,occupying the living space of“you2+vp”.The latter eventual⁃ly withdrew from the historical stage around the Yuan Dynasty.After being reproduced in modern Chinese,the“you2+vp”form is sequentially applied to answer sentences,question sentences,and declarative sentences in discourse,resulting in subjective mea⁃nings of focus markers,tendency expressions,and emphasis on existence.The formation process of the above subjective meanings shows a high degree of consistency,and it can be concluded that the subjective implementation mechanism includes four stages:system absence,construction analogy,formal redundancy,and truth transfer.In this process,the missing expression truth is re⁃combined with the form generated by analogy,completing the development of semantics from the descriptive dimension to the ex⁃pressive dimension.The essence of this process is the rebalancing of form and meaning.