《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》中的“他人言语”:巴赫金与洛特曼的一场学术“对话”

Others'Speech in Eugene Onegin:A Scholarly"Dialogue"Between Bakhtin and Lotman

具有开创意义的诗体小说《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》受到米·巴赫金和尤里·洛特曼两大文论家的关注。巴赫金是“他人言语”概念的首创者,洛特曼对“他人言语”的研究则直接受巴赫金的启发,他高度评价巴赫金有关“他人言语”的若干见解,认为巴赫金的深刻思想对于理解《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》的艺术性质至关重要。与此同时,两位文论家对“他人言语”的内涵阐释与研究方法又有显著差异,从中可见他们的思想的交融和分野。本文将两位文论家对同一作品、同一个问题极富创意的“对话”展现出来,从不同的视角加深和丰富对“他人言语”的理解,并借此再对巴赫金和洛特曼的认识论和方法论作一番考察和思考。

The influential verse novel Eugene Onegin has attracted the attention of two prominent literary theorists,Mikhail Bakhtin and Yuri Lotman.Bakhtin is recognized for pioneering the concept of"others'speech,"which directly influenced Lotman's exploration of the same theme.Lotman held Bakhtin's insights into"others'speech"in high regard and considered Bakhtin's profound ideas crucial for comprehending the artistic essence of Eugene Onegin.However,there is a notable disparity in the interpretation of"others'speech"and the employed research methodologies between the two theorists,highlighting both the convergence and divergence of their perspectives.This paper illuminates the dynamic"dialogue"between Bakhtin and Lotman regarding the same literary work and thematic concern,thereby enhancing our understanding of"others'speech"from diverse angles.Subsequently,this paper delves into a reexamination of the epistemological and methodological aspects of Bakhtin and Lotman,using their perspectives on Eugene Onegin as a foundational reference.