蚕沙有机肥对雷竹林土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响

The Effects of Organic Fertilizer Derived from Silkworm Excrement on the Soil Physicochemical Properties and Enzyme Activity of Phyllostachys Violascens‘Prevernalis’Forests

为了解蚕沙有机肥对雷竹林土壤的改良效果,以浙江省德清县舞阳街道城山村雷竹林土壤为研究对象,雷竹林土壤单施化肥作为对照(CK),蚕沙有机肥施肥量分别为7500 kg·hm^(-2)(T1处理)、15000 kg·hm^(-2)(T2处理)、22500 kg·hm^(-2)(T3处理),比较不同蚕沙有机肥施肥量的雷竹林土壤理化性质和酶活性的差异。结果表明:蚕沙有机肥对土壤理化性质和酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05)。与对照(CK)相比,施用蚕沙有机肥(T1、T2、T3处理)显著提高了土壤有机碳和碱解氮质量分数(P<0.05),且随着蚕沙有机肥施肥量的增加而增加;表层(0~20 cm)土壤硝态氮和有效磷质量分数显著提高(P<0.05),与碳氮磷转化相关的土壤酶活性显著提高(P<0.05)。土壤总孔隙度、土壤通气度、总有机碳、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、硝态氮是影响土壤综合质量的重要指标,施用蚕沙有机肥提高了雷竹林土壤综合质量。因此蚕沙有机肥可以改善土壤理化性质,提高土壤养分有效性和酶活性。

In order to understand the ameliorative effect of organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement on the soil of Phyllostachys violascens‘Prevernalis’forest,the soil of P.violascens‘Prevernalis’forest in Chengshan Village,Wuyang Street,Deqing County,Zhejiang Province was selected as the research object.The soil of P.violascens‘Prevernalis’forest was singly fertilized with chemical fertilizer as the control(CK).The application rates of organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement were as follows:7500 kg·hm^(-2)(T1 treatment),15000 kg·hm^(-2)(T2 treatment),and 22500 kg·hm^(-2)(T3 treatment).The differences in soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of P.violascens‘Prevernalis’forest at different application rates of organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement were compared.The results showed that organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement had a significant impact on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity(P<0.05).Compared to the control(CK),the application of organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement(T1,T2,T3 treatments)significantly increased the soil organic carbon and alkaline nitrogen content(P<0.05),and this increase was observed to be proportional to the application rate of organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement.The content of nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus in the topsoil(0-20 cm)significantly increased(P<0.05),and the enzyme activity related to the transformation of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in the soil was significantly enhanced(P<0.05).Total porosity,soil aeration,total organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkaline nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen are important indicators affecting the comprehensive quality of soil.The application of organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement improved the comprehensive quality of the soil in the P.violascens‘Prevernalis’forest.Therefore,organic fertilizer derived from silkworm excrement can improve soil physicochemical properties,enhance soil nutrient availability,and increase enzyme activity.