汽车用聚丙烯轻量化设计与制备

Lightweight Design and Preparation of Polypropylene for Automobiles

以不同种偶联剂对空心玻璃微珠(HGB)表面进行改性并与聚丙烯(PP)进行混合,制备不同比例PP/HGB复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)表征复合材料的形貌与结构,证明了HGB成功被偶联剂修饰;利用密度测试仪、万能试验机测试复合材料的密度及力学性能。研究结果表明,经过不同偶联剂改性HGB后,其与PP的相容性都有所改善;其中,通过KH550改性复合材料改善最为明显。加入含KH550改性HGB的复合材料大幅度降低了PP的密度并提高了复合材料的力学性能。当加入5%KH550改性的HGB后,复合材料的密度达到了0.906 g/cm 3;冲击强度为30.5 MPa,相比于纯PP上升了了64.6%,断裂伸长率和冲击强度有着相同的趋势,达到最大值58.9%,相比于纯PP增加了89%;拉伸强度相比于纯PP上升了4.6%,弯曲强度上升了14.67%。

The hollow glass beads(HGB)surface was modified with different coupling agents and blended with polypropylene(PP)to prepare PP/HGB composites in different ratios.The morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and the successful modification of HGB by the coupling agents was demonstrated.The densitometric mechanical properties of the composites were tested by using density tester and universal testing machine.The results showed that the compatibility of HGB with PP was improved after modified by different coupling agents.Among them,the most obvious improvement was achieved by modifying the composites with KH550.The addition of composites containing KH550-modified HGB substantially reduced the density of PP and improved the mechanical properties of the composites.When 5% KH550-modified HGB was added,the density of the composite reached 0.906 g/cm 3.The impact strength was 30.5 MPa,which increased by 64.6% compared with pure PP,and the elongation at break and impact strength had the same trend,reaching a maximum value of 58.9%,which increased by 89% compared with pure PP.The tensile strength increased by 4.6% compared with pure PP,and the bending Tensile strength increased by 4.6% and bending strength increased by 14.67% compared to pure PP.