凸显刺激对整体知觉集合数量效应的影响

The Effect of Salient Items on the Set Size Effect in Ensemble Perception

凸显刺激类型对整体知觉集合数量效应的影响仍存在争论。实验1采用需要自主调整出集合均值的调整范式,引入绝对偏差指标衡量反应值与正确均值的差异,探讨凸显刺激类型对整体知觉中集合数量效应的影响。实验2增加了凸显刺激的数量,进一步考察无关凸显刺激对整体知觉中集合数量效应的影响。实验结果显示,与无凸显刺激条件相比,相关凸显刺激条件下的绝对偏差更大,并表现出集合数量增益效应;无关凸显刺激只有在其数量较多时才会表现出上述现象。结果表明,不同类型的凸显刺激均会对整体知觉及集合数量效应产生影响,相关凸显刺激的影响作用更大,无关凸显刺激仅在增加凸显刺激数量后才会降低整体知觉表现。这一发现揭示了整体知觉建立在个体对刺激集合中所有刺激进行加工的基础上,但赋予凸显与非凸显刺激不同权重,支持了整体放大假说。

There is still debate regarding the effect of salient item types on the set size effect in ensemble perception.In Experiment 1,an adjustment paradigm was used,requiring participants to self-adjust to the set mean.An absolute deviation metric was introduced to measure the difference between participants’responses and the correct values,exploring the impact of salient item types on the set size effect in ensemble perception.Experiment 2 increased the number of salient items to further examine the impact of irrelevant salient items on the set size effect in ensemble perception.The results showed that,compared to the no salient item condition,the condition with relevant salient items exhibited greater absolute deviation,demonstrating a set size gain effect.Irrelevant salient items only showed this phenomenon when their number was large.The findings indicate that different types of salient items affect ensemble perception and the set size effect,with relevant salient items having a greater impact.Irrelevant salient items only reduce ensemble perception performance when their number is increased.This discovery reveals that ensemble perception is based on the processing of all items in the set,assigning different weights to salient and non-salient items,supporting the ensemble amplification hypothesis.