丹江口库区退捕渔民可持续生计问题探究

Exploration of Sustainable Livelihood Issues for Fishermen Retired from the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area

长江禁捕后大量渔民上岸,面临生计挑战与返贫危机,妥善解决其生计安置、社会保障与转产转业等问题迫在眉睫。本文以湖北省十堰市丹江口库区退捕渔民可持续生计问题为研究对象,基于案例分析与实地走访发现,退捕渔民个人素质水平偏低、技能单一、年龄偏大等是其在上岸后生活面临的主要问题,并从中剖析原因,从转产转业、个人综合素质提升以及政策保障等方面提出促进退捕渔民可持续生计的具体对策建议。

Following the fishing ban in the Yangtze River,a significant number of fishermen have come ashore,facing livelihood challenges and the risk of returning to poverty.It is urgent to properly address their livelihood placement,social security,and transition to new industries.This study focuses on the sustainable livelihood issues of fishermen retiring from fishing in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area of Shiyan City,Hubei Province.Based on case analysis and field visits,findings indicate that the low educational attainment,limited skill set,and advanced age of many retired fishermen are the main challenges they face after coming ashore.The reasons behind these challenges are analyzed,and specific countermeasures to promote the sustainable livelihoods of retired fishermen are proposed,including transitioning to new industries,enhancing personal comprehensive quality,and policy safeguards.